毛乌素沙地南缘生态过渡带不同生境小气候的研究  

Studies on Micro-climate in Different Habitats in Southern Ecotone of Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：赵丽莉[1] 杨丽华 许冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]吴忠市第三中学,宁夏吴忠751100

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2013年第4期892-896,共5页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860200);973计划前期研究专项(2010CB434805)

摘　　要：采用短期定位观测法对毛乌素沙地南缘生态过渡带流动半流动沙丘草地、固定半固定沙地草地、盐化丘间低地草和缓坡丘陵梁地草地4种不同生境的光照、空气温度、空气湿度、地表温度及地下5 cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm土壤温度等表征区域小气候特征的指标进行了观测并对其日变化进行了分析,以阐明小气候因子与生态环境变化的关系。结果表明:随着沙化程度的加重,从缓坡丘陵梁地草地,经盐化丘间低地草地、固定半固定沙地草地到流动半流动沙丘草地,光照强度增加了18.62%;空气湿度下降了24.62%;气温、地表温度变幅加大,分别由缓坡丘陵梁地草地的13℃、20.9℃增加至流动半流动沙丘草地的15.5℃、35.1℃。随着土层深度的增加,土壤温度变化幅度逐渐减小,5 cm土层温度变化趋势接近地表,14:00达最高;其它土层温度17:00达最高,滞后于地表和5 cm土层温度。自缓坡丘陵梁地草地至流动半流动沙丘草地,群落小气候向着更为干旱和不稳定的方向发展。The micro-climates were determined under 4 different habitats in the ecotone in south edge of Mu Us sandy land by using short - term fixed sample observation. The illumination, air temperature, air humidi- ty,soil surface temperature and soil temperature at 5 era, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm depth were measured. The daily changing trends of the indexes were analyzed to clarify the relation between climate factors and ecological environments. The resuhs showed that：the illumination intensity increased by 18.62% ,while air humidity de- creased by 24.62% from slope hilly ridge grassland, through to saline bottomland grassland, fixed and semi- fixed dune grassland and to shifting and semi-shifting dune grassland. The changing extents of air temperature and soil surface temperature ino.reased from 13 ℃ ,20.9℃ for gentle slope hilly ridge grassland to 15.5 ℃ , 35.1 ℃ for shifting and semi-shifting dune grassland respectively. The changing extents of soil temperature de- creased with the ,depth. The changing trend of soil temperature at 5 cm depth was similar to that of soil surface, were up to the highest at 14：00. The soil temperatures at other depths reached to the highest at 17：00,whichlagged to the soil surface and 5 cm depth. The micro-climate developed to aridity and instability from gentle slope hilly ridge grassland to shifting and semi-shifting dune grassland.

关 键 词：毛乌素沙地 生态过渡带 生境 小气候 

分 类 号：P463.22[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]