高砷煤烘玉米粉致大鼠砷中毒模型的建立  

The establishment of the arsenic poisoning rats model caused by corn flour baked by high-arsenic coal

作　　者：姚茂琳[1] 张爱华[1] 于春[1] 徐玉艳[1] 胡勇[1] 肖婷婷[1] 王蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院毒理学教研室,550004

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第9期799-805,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81172603）;贵州省教育厅基金（黔教科2008020）;贵州省科技厅基金（黔科合人才团队20124003）

摘　　要：目的 采用高砷煤烘烤的玉米粉为主要原料配制饲料喂饲大鼠,建立燃煤型砷中毒大鼠模型.方法 采用健康断乳Wistar大鼠50只,按体重用随机数字法分为5组（正常对照组,饮水型砷中毒组,低砷、中砷和高砷粮食污染组）,每组10只.正常组和饮水型砷中毒组喂饲不含砷的标准饲料,饮水型砷中毒大鼠饮用100 mg/L的As2O3水溶液,各粮食砷污染组分别喂饲含砷25、50、100 mg/kg的饲料,染毒时间3个月.观察大鼠一般情况,检测其尿砷、毛发砷、肝砷和肾砷含量；观察肝、肾常规病理学改变及肝脏超微结构改变；测定检测肝肾功能指标.结果 饮水型砷中毒组、低砷、中砷和高砷粮食污染组尿砷[中位数（最大值～最小值）分别为3055.59 （722.43～ 6389.05）、635.96（367.85 ～1551.31）、1453.84（593.27～5302.94）、3101.11 （666.64～6858.61） μg/g肌酐]、毛发砷[分别为（23.07±10.38）、（8.87±3.31）、（12.43±6.65）和（25.68±7.16）μg/g]、肝脏中砷[分别为（5.68±3.13）、（2.64±1.52）、（3.89±1.76）和（5.34±2.78）μg/g]、肾脏中砷[分别为（6.90±1.94）、（3.48±1.96）、（5.03±2.08）和（7.02±1.62） μg/g]含量均高于正常对照组[分别为86.70（49.71～ 106.104） μg/g肌酐、（1.28±0.37） μg/g、（1.01 ±0.34）μg/g和（1.82±1.09） μg/g],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.电镜下可见染砷组大鼠肝细胞质线粒体减少、嵴模糊、部分嵴消失,粗面内质网减少,核形态不规则、凹凸不平.中、高砷粮食污染组天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）[（196.17±46.18）、（212.40±35.14） U/L]和总胆汁酸（TBA）[（11.74±4.07）、（19.19±4.68） μmol/L],均高于对照组[分别为（143.10±29.13） U/L、（6.23±2.95）μmol/L]；高砷粮食污染组谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）和尿素氮（BUN）[分别为（196.21±47.38）U/L、（1.71±0.66） U/L、（9.54±1.95） mmol/L]�Objective To establish coal arsenic poisoning rat model by feeding the rats with the corn powder baked by high arsenic coal as the main raw material.Methods Fifty Wistar rats,healthy,were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the figures of their weights,including control group,drinking arsenic poisoning water group,low,medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group,10 rats for each.Rats in control group and drinking arsenic poisoning water group were fed with standard feed without any arsenic containing.Rats in water group would drink 100 mg/L As2O3 solution and the rats in arsenic grain groups would be fed with the arsenic contaminated grain at the dose of 25,50 and 100 mg/kg,respectively.The duration would last for 3 months.General situation and weight were observed.At the same time,the arsenic contents of urine,hair,liver and kidney of the rats in each group were detected,as well as the histopathology changes of liver and kidney,and the ultra structure of liver was observed.Results The arsenic contents of urine （median （min-max）） of the rats in the arsenic water group,low,medium and high arsenic grain groups were separately 3055.59 （722.43-6389.05）,635.96 （367.85-1551.31）,1453.84 （593.27-5302.94） and 3101.11（666.64-6858.61） μg Cr; while the arsenic contents of hair of the rats in the above groups were separately （23.07 ± 10.38）,（8.87 ± 3.31）,（12.43 ±6.65） and （25.68 ± 7.16） μg/g; the arsenic contents of liver of the rats in the above groups were separately （5.68 ± 3.13）,（2.64 ± 1.52）,（3.89 ± 1.76） and （5.34 ± 2.78） μg/g; and the arsenic contents of kidney were separately （6.90 ± 1.94）,（3.48 ± 1.96）,（5.03 ± 2.08） and （7.02 ± 1.62） μg/g; which were all significantly higher than those in the control group （86.70 （49.71-106.104） μg/g Cr,（1.28 ± 0.37） μg/g,（1.01 ± 0.34） μg/g and （1.82 ± 1.09） μg/g,respectively）.The difference showed significance （P ＜ 0.05）.Under electron microscope detec

关 键 词：砷中毒 煤 大鼠 毒性 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]