电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定饮用水的硬度和碱度  

Simultaneous determination of the hardness and alkalinity in drinking water by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

作　　者：霍建中[1] 段旭川[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学化学学院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津市动植物抗性重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《冶金分析》2013年第8期55-58,共4页Metallurgical Analysis

摘　　要：研究了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定饮用水的硬度和碱度可行性。通过用稀盐酸离线酸化水样,使水样中的碳酸氢根原位转化为二氧化碳并继续溶解在原水中,然后使用ICP-AES仪器上常规的单管吸取溶液,在比较低的雾化器压力下实现了CO2、Ca、Mg的同时进样。其中CO2属于气态进样,而钙、镁属于雾化进样。由于方法将雾化法进样效率低的碳酸氢根转化成进样效率高的二氧化碳气态,因此碳的测定灵敏度得到提高。饮用水的碱度是由碳酸氢根含量决定,因此将测得的无机碳含量换算成碳酸氢根含量就可以得到水的碱度,而将同时测得的钙和镁含量换算成碳酸钙含量,即得到水的硬度。在雾化器压力为241.3kPa和水样稀释倍数为5的最佳实验条件下,使用实验方法同时测定了饮用水的硬度和碱度,其测定值与滴定法的测定值相吻合。The feasibi inductively coupled p ity of simultaneous determination of hardness and alkalin asma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） was stu ity of drinking water by died. the water sample was acidified off-line with diluted hydrochloric acid. The bicarbonates in water sample were in-situ converted into carbon dioxide, which was also dissolved in original water. Then, the solution was sampled by conventional single tube of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The simultaneous sampling of CO2, Ca and Mg was realized at relatively low atomizer pressure. Among them, CO2 was sampled in gas state, while Ca and Mg were sampled in atomizing state. In this study, the bicarbonates with low sampling efficiency in atomizing method were converted into gas carbon di- oxide, which had high sampling efficiency, thus the determination sensitivity of carbon was increased, realizing the accurate determination. The measured content of inorganic carbon was converted to the content of bicarbonates, so the alkalinity of drinking water was obtained. Meanwhile, the content of Ca and Mg was converted to the content of calcium carbonate to calculate the hardness of water. Un- der the optimal experimental conditions, i. e. , atomizer pressure of 241.3 kPa and dilution ratio of 5 for water sample, the hardness and alkalinity of drinking water were simultaneously determined by this method. The found results were consistent with those obtained by titration method.

关 键 词：电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 硬度 碱度 饮用水 

分 类 号：O657.31[理学—分析化学]