高海拔旱作农业区全膜双垄沟播玉米肥料效应研究  

Fertilizer effects of full-film double furrowing corn in high altitude dry-land area

作　　者：赵凡[1] 崔增团 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省榆中县农业技术推广中心,甘肃榆中730100 [2]甘肃省农业节水与土壤肥料管理总站,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2013年第4期62-68,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省测土配方施肥补贴项目(甘农牧发[2007]145号)

摘　　要：通过"3414"试验设计研究了典型雨养高海拔旱作农业区氮、磷、钾肥力因素对全膜双垄沟玉米产量的效应,并对玉米产量进行了肥料效应函数拟合.结果表明:在14个处理中,以N2P2K0处理产量最高,为5 561.3kg/hm2;氮磷钾的肥料效应拟合函数方程为Y=1 434.465 2+2 803.090 1 X1+520.158 3 X2-299.046 3 X3-344.187 3 X21-235.232 7 X22-235.846 4 X23-65.748 9 X1X2-360.703 4 X1X3+436.614 8 X2X3.3个因素对产量的影响程度依次为N>P>K,其中N、P为正效应,K显示负效应.土壤中有效养分含量丰缺程度表现为N为低等级、P为低等级、K为极高等级.在玉米最高产量时,N、P2O5、K2O的施用量分别为180,49.75,0kg/hm2,肥料施用比例为3.62∶1∶0.对3个因素的灵敏度分析得出,进一步试验时应提高N肥、降低K肥的2水平施用量.With ＇3414＇ experiment design, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash on full-film double furrowing corn yield in a typical high altitude dry-land areas was studied. And the function model for output of corn was set up as well. The results showed that the highest yield was NePeK0 treatment,its yield reached 5 561. 3 kg/hm^2. N, P, K fertilizer response function equation was Y 1 434. 465 2 ± 2 803. 090 1X1 ＋520.158 3X2-299,046 3X3-344.187 3X1^2-235.232 7X2^2-235.846 4X3^2-65.748 9 X1 × X2--360. 7034X1 × X3-P436. 614 8 X2 ×4X. The influence degree on the yield was N〉P〉K,in which N, P showed positive effect,while K showed negative effect. Soil available nutrient abundance and deficien- cy levels showed a low level of N and P ,but very high level of K. The fertilization amount of the highest corn yield abtained were N 180 kg/hm2 ,PaOs 49.75 kg/hm2 and KsO 0 kg/hm2, and the application ratio was 3.62：1：0. Sensitivity analysis on the three factors showed that the further testing should improve N fertilizer and reducing K fertilizer application.

关 键 词：玉米 高海拔旱作农业区 “3414”试验设计 肥料效应函数 双垄全膜覆盖沟播 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]