豌豆挤压力学特性试验及有限元分析  

Experiment and finite element analysis on extrusion mechanical properties of pea

作　　者：代治国[1] 戴飞[1] 苏宏煜[1] 王丽娟[1] 杨国军[1] 张锋伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学工学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2013年第4期144-148,154,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B10)

摘　　要：以‘绿豌1号’为试验材料,在材料力学万能试验机上进行了豌豆挤压试验以及运用有限元法建立豌豆籽粒的力学模型,研究豌豆籽粒在挤压作用下的应力分布规律.试验测得含水率在10.3%～18.3%的豌豆籽粒在平放、侧放、立放3种不同放置方式下的屈服强度为1.06～4.80MPa,弹性模量为57.5～392.6MPa,破碎负载为83.8～358.1N,最大屈服变形为0.422%～1.521%.结果表明:屈服强度、弹性模量、破碎负载随着豌豆含水率的增加均有明显下降,屈服变形随着豌豆含水率的增加而升高;在同一含水率下,豌豆平放挤压时屈服强度、弹性模量、破碎负载最大,侧放挤压时次之,立放挤压时最小;平放挤压时,豌豆破裂方式沿着平面压头接触面开始破裂,裂纹沿着豌豆曲面垂直于两瓣子叶,侧放和立放挤压时,豌豆破裂出现两瓣子叶开裂;比较3种不同放置方式下的试验值和仿真值,二者最大差异是10.8%,验证了运用有限元法研究豌豆籽粒挤压学特性的可行性.The study was conducted to analyze the experiment on extrusion mechanical properties of pea so as to provide scientific basis for its harvest, storage, process and the related machines of the design. Extrusion tests were conducted on pea grain by using universal hydraulic test equipment and mechanical model of extrusion pea was established by the finite element method, afterwards, the stress distribution was analyzed. Three types of extrusion test results showed that yield strength was 1.06-4.80 MPa,modulus of elasticity was 57.5-392.6 MPa, crushing load was 83. 8-358. 1 N, and maximum yield deformation was 0. 422 % - 1. 521%. With the increase of moisture contents, the yield strength, elastic modulus and crushing load were decreased obviously, while maximum yield deformation was increased. At the same moisture con- tents, the yield strength,elastic modulus and crushing load were the largest when the pea placed in the po- sition of lying in flat, smallest when the pea was in standing and medium when lying on side. Under the load,pea ruptured along the contact surface of loading platform, and it cracked along the pea surface and was perpendicular to the two cotyledons when the pea was extruded in the position of lying flat;two cotyledons of pea cracked and departed when it was extruded in the position of standing or lying on side. Corn pared extrusion test results and finite element solutions, the maximal difference between them was 10. 8%.Thus,the simulation numerical solution is confirmed by comparing with the experiment data.

关 键 词：豌豆籽粒 力学特性 挤压 试验 有限元 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]