相转移催化氧化合成苯甲酸的研究  

Research on the Synthesis of Benzoic Acid by Catalytic Oxidation of Benzyl Chloride in the Presence of Phase Transfer Catalyst

作　　者：农兰平[1] 余梅[1] 黄艳仙[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院化学与生命科学学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《广州化工》2013年第18期98-99,共2页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：以苯甲醇,高锰酸钾为原料,采用三种不同的相转移催化剂(二乙二醇二甲醚,四丁基溴化铵,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)催化合成苯甲酸。考察了高锰酸钾的用量,相转移催化剂的种类、用量等因素对苯甲酸产率的影响。结果表明,相转移催化剂对高锰酸钾在水溶液中氧化苯甲醇合成苯甲酸有良好的催化性能,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作PTC的催化性能最好。合成苯甲酸适宜的苯甲醇/高锰酸钾的摩尔比为1:2.5。以2.6 mL苯甲醇,5.53 g高锰酸钾,80 mL的水为原料,0.12 g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为PTC,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为1 h,碱性条件下,苯甲酸的产率达到77.4%,比相同条件的无催化反应的产率提高了30%。Benzoic acid was synthesized from benzyl alcohol and potassium permanganate by three different phase transfer catalysts （ diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrabutylammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, i.e. CTAB） . The effects of amount of potassium permanganate, the variations in kinds and concentrations of catalysts on benzoic acid yield were investigated. The results showed that phase transfer catalysts had good catalytic activity for the synthesis of benzoic acid from benzyl alcohol in water, and CTAB was the best option. The optimum reaction condition was benzyl alcohol/potassium permanganate（ molar ratio） = 1 ： 2.5. The yield of benzoic acid could reach 77.4% under the followed optimum reaction condition： 2.6 mL benzyl alcohol, 5.53 g potassium permanganate, 80 mL water, 0. 12 g CTAB as phase transfer catalyst, reaction temperature 90 ℃, reaction time 1 h and alkaline condition. The yield was increased by 30% compared with that obtained under the same optimum condition without any catalysts.

关 键 词：相转移催化剂（PTC） 苯甲酸 高锰酸钾 苯甲醇 

分 类 号：TQ245.1[化学工程—有机化工] O621.25[理学—有机化学]