2003—2012年北京市昌平区猩红热流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of scarlet fever in Changping District of Beijing from 2003-2012

作　　者：王瑞琴[1] 蔡旭[1] 刘重程[1] 李宏通[1] 隋吉林[1] 唐雅清[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心,102200

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第18期2363-2365,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市昌平区2003—2012年猩红热的流行病学特征,为预防控制提供参考依据。方法结合猩红热疫情资料、病原学监测资料及人口统计学数据进行描述性分析。结果 2003—2012年,昌平区共报告猩红热病例1 764例,年平均发病率为19.80/10万,年发病率之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=674.02,P<0.01);近10年呈逐年递增态势,流行周期为5年左右,2011年达发病峰值,每年冬季及春末夏初为发病高峰;3～10岁年龄组占总病例数的92.14%;职业以学生和儿童为主,占全部病例的98.70%;男性多于女性;外来人口聚集、人口密集的镇、街发病率高。猩红热病原监测A群乙型溶血型链球菌阳性率为5.46%。结论 3～10岁儿童是猩红热的高发人群,托幼机构、小学校是猩红热疫情防控的重点场所。在疫情处理中应加强链球菌感染、扁桃体炎及咽峡炎病例的管理。[ Objective ] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Changping District of Beijing from 2003-2012, provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control. [ Methods ] Combined with epidemic data of scarlet fever, etiological surveillance and demographic data, a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted. [ Results ] A total of 1 764 scarlet fever cases were reported in Chang＇ping District during 2003-2012, the average annual incidence rate was 19.80/lakh, and the difference in annual incidence rate was statistically significant （χ2 =674.02,P 〈0.01 ）. The incidence rate showed an increasing trend in recent 10 years. The epidemic cycle was about 5 years, and the incidence rate reached the peak in 2011. The peak season occurred in winter, as well as the end of spring and the beginning of summer. 92.14% of cases were children aged 3-10 years old. Most of patients were students and children, which accounted for 98.70% of all cases. Male patients were more than female pa- tients. The incidence rates were high in the towns and streets with mass floating population and high population density. The positive rate of Group A beta hemolytic was 5.46%. [ Conclusion] Children aged 3-10 years old are the susceptible population of scarlet fever, while nurseries and schools are the key places of scarlet fever prevention. The management of streptococcus infection, tonsillitis cases and angina cases should be strengthened.

关 键 词：猩红热 流行病学 分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]