用于结构健康监测的无线智能机电阻抗传感器  

Electro-mechanical Impedance Wireless Smart Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring

作　　者：刘增华[1] 于洪涛[1] 蔡小明[1] 杨申[1] 何存富[1] 吴斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2013年第8期11-14,共4页Instrument Technique and Sensor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50975006;11272021);NSFC-RGC联合资助项目(60831160523);北京市自然科学基金项目(1122007);北京市科技新星计划项目(2008A015)

摘　　要：机电阻抗技术是一种新兴的非参数结构健康检测方法,对结构局部微缺陷比较敏感。为了实现基于机电阻抗技术的结构健康监测,研制开发一种便于安装于现场的无线智能机电阻抗传感器。通过在结构的被监测区域粘贴压电片实现结构机械阻抗与压电片电阻抗的耦合,采用数字阻抗转换器AD5933和嵌入式硬件系统对耦合的机电阻抗进行测量,以无线通信的方式将测量的阻抗值发送到远端的主控监测室,主控监测室的监控软件通过损伤评价算法,完成结构健康状况的评估。研制的无线智能机电阻抗传感器用于管道法兰处螺栓松动监测。试验结果显示:该传感器能有效地监测螺栓松动数量的变化,试验结果与常规精密阻抗分析仪测试得到的结果具有较好的一致性。Electrical-mechanical impedance technique is a novel non-parametric method for structural health monitoring and sensitive to local micro defects of the structures.An electro-mechanical impedance based wireless smart sensor which is compact and easy to install on-site was developed for structural health monitoring.When the piezoelectric patches were pasted on the structure,the mechanical impedance of the structure is coupled with the electrical impedance of these patches.Digital impedance converter AD5933 and embedded systems were used to measure the coupled electro-mechanical impedance.Measured impedance data were sent to the remote monitoring room via wireless communication.The damage assessment algorithms on the remote computer were used to evaluate the health condition of the structure.This wireless smart sensor was used for monitoring the loosened bolts of pipe flange for verifying its effectiveness.Experimental results show this sensor can be used for monitoring the number of loosened bolts and are in accordance with those obtained by using a conventional precise impedance analyzer.

关 键 词：机电阻抗 结构健康监测 无线智能传感器 管道 均方根偏差 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP206[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]