伏牛山东麓不同植被恢复类型土壤入渗性能及产流预测  

Prediction of Soil Infiltration Capacity and Runoff under Different Restored Vegetation Types on the Eastern Side of Funiu Mountains

作　　者：彭舜磊[1] 梁亚红[2] 陈昌东[1] 刘沛松[1] 文祯中[1] 

机构地区：[1]平顶山学院低山丘陵区生态修复重点实验室,河南平顶山467000 [2]平顶山学院资源与环境科学学院,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第4期29-33,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004044);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12B180023)

摘　　要：为了研究不同植被恢复类型对土壤入渗与产流的影响,采用双环入渗法测定了伏牛山东麓六种植被恢复类型土壤水分入渗过程,通过对比稳渗率与不同重现期的暴雨强度,判断不同植被类型地表径流产生的可能性。结果表明:(1)不同植被类型土壤初渗率、稳渗率和前60min入渗量均表现出栓皮栎次生林>栓皮栎人工林>刺槐人工林>侧柏人工林>灌丛>裸地的规律;(2)土壤入渗特征参数与土壤容重、总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、有机质含量、细根生物量和团聚体含量显著相关(p<0.05),其中土壤容重、总孔隙度是影响土壤入渗的主导因子;(3)栓皮栎次生林能抵御10a一遇的暴雨,栓皮栎人工林能抵御1a一遇的暴雨,而其它植被类型均不能低御1a一遇的暴雨,易产生暴雨径流。说明封育天然次生林和运用乡土树种造林进行植被恢复,有利于提高土壤的入渗性能。Aimed to test the effect of different restored vegetation types on soil infiltration capacity and runoff generation.Infiltration processes were measured with double-ring infiltration method in the six restored vegetation types on the eastern side of Funiu Mountains.The likelihood of runoff was inferred by comparing stable infiltration（Ks）at the top soil with prevailing storm intensities in the six restored vegetation types.The results indicated that：（1）the values of soil infiltration variables,including the initial infiltration,stable infiltration,and total amounts of infiltration before 60minutes were in the sequences of Quercus variabilis secondary forestQuercus variabilis plantationBlack Locust plantationPlatycladus orientalis plantation Shrubabandoned land;（2）soil bulk density,total porosity,non-capillary porosity,soil organic matter,fine root biomass,and water stable aggregate were significantly correlated with the variables of soil infiltration（p0.05）,soil bulk density and total porosity were the main factors affecting soil infiltration;（3）Quercus variabilis secondary forest could resist storm with 10year recurrence,and Quercus variabilis plantation could overcome storm with 1year recurrence.On the contrary,runoff was most likely to occur in the shrub land and abandoned land.It is suggested forest conversion and forest plantation with native tree species benefit for increasing soil infiltration capacity.

关 键 词：土壤入渗 径流 土壤容重 土壤孔隙度 植被恢复类型 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]