某陆地石油开采区土壤重金属潜在生态风险评价  

Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in an onshore oilfield

作　　者：王大洲[1,2] 胡艳[1,2] 李鱼[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学资源与环境研究院,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学区域能源系统优化教育部重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第9期1723-1729,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2008BAC43B01)资助

摘　　要：本研究基于对某陆地石油开采区表层土壤中6种重金属(Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Cr和Co)的采样测试及空间分布分析,采用主成分分析法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法分别对土壤中6种重金属来源进行分析,并对其潜在生态风险水平进行评价.研究结果表明,研究区域内重金属来源主要包括交通源、工业源、农业源;在所有采样点位中,6号采样井的潜在生态风险指数(RI)为430.07,风险等级为"强",其余依次为5号>3号>2号>1号>4号;6个采样井中有4个井潜在生态风险等级达到了中等及以上,且6个采样井的平均综合潜在生态风险水平为中等及以上;研究区域内土壤中Cd对综合潜在生态风险贡献最高,达到94.43%.Six heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Co） in an onshore oilfield soil were analyzed and their spatial distributions were investigated. The methods of principal component analysis and ecological risk index （RI） presented by Hakanson were applied to quantitatively investigate the source and potential ecological risk level of the six heavy metals. The results showed that the major sources in the study area included traffic source, industrial source, and agricultural source. In the six sampling wells （1#—6#）, the 6# had the ＂high＂ risk level, and the potential ecological risk index （RI） was 430.07. The order of the potential ecological risk level for the six sampling wells was 5〉 3〉 2〉 1〉 4. The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the study area was common that the ecological risk levels for two-thirds of the sampling sites were medium and above. The most significant contributor to the comprehensive potential ecological risk in the oilfield soil was Cd, accounting for 94.43%.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 潜在生态风险 陆地石油开采区 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]