99种植物提取物对玉米象的生物活性测定  

Activity Evaluation of Extracts from 99 Plants Against Sitophilus Zeamais

作　　者：马志卿[1,2] 张小泉[1] 李雪娇[1] 何军[1,2] 张兴[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心/陕西省生物农药工程技术研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2013年第9期103-108,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(200903052)

摘　　要：为发现新的植物源储粮害虫防控剂,以玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais)为试虫,采用饲料混药法,对50科99种植物样品进行了室内活性筛选。结果表明,在0.013 g DW/g小麦的剂量处理下,百部(Stemona sessilifolia)等24种植物提取物表现出较好的毒杀活性和种群抑制作用,15 d的死亡率或64 d的种群抑制率高于80%,其中栓翅卫矛(Euonymus phellomanus)、使君子(Quisqualis indica)、射干(Belamcanda chinensis)和黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis)的种群抑制率均高达100%;天名精(Carpesium abrotanoides)、百部、狼毒、使君子和栓翅卫矛等5种植物提取物对玉米象还具有一定的触杀作用。测定结果初步表明,天名精、使君子、百部、狼毒、射干、黄芩和栓翅卫矛等7种植物有进一步研究价值。The paper has described the evaluating results covering 99 species of plants in order to find new plant materials for the development of botanical pesticide. The population - inhibiting activity of acetone extracts were evaluated against Sitophilus zeamais by diet - incorporation method. Extracts from 24 plants respectively showed good / insecticidal or population - inhibiting activity at concentration of 0.013 ~DW/g, with upper than 80.0% mortality （ 15 d） or inhibitory rate （ 64 d）. Among them, Euonymus pheUomanus, Quisqualis indica, Belamcanda chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis showed the strongest inhibiting activity of 100.0% inhibitory rate. Extracts from Carpesium abrotanoides, Stemona sessilifolia, Stellera chamaejasme, Q. indica and E. phellomanus also exhibited contact toxicities. Preliminary results showed that, these 7 plants would be well worth looking into their further values.

关 键 词：植物源农药 玉米象 种群抑制作用 储粮害虫 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]