日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)稚鱼养殖效果与机理研究  

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBOHYDRATE SOURCES IN DIET ON AQUACULTURE PERFORMANCE AND MECHANISM IN GIFT NILE TILAPIA(OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)JUVENILE

作　　者：吴彬[1] 彭淇[1] 陈斌[1] 孙晓锋[1] 冯健[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学海洋研究中心,南宁530004

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2013年第4期1050-1055,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：广西科技厅攻关项目资助;122201-3号

摘　　要：采用含有25%葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、蔗糖糖蜜、糊精、小麦淀粉等不同糖源的6组等氮、等能量半纯合实验日粮,研究了不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果与机理。结果表明,葡萄糖组、麦芽糖组鱼的特定生长率、饲料效益和蛋白效益显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼鱼体总能明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼肝脏脂肪、肝糖原和肌糖原含量明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组鱼血糖浓度与总蛋白含量显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄组和麦芽糖组鱼肝组织中己糖激酶(HK)显著高于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05),葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05)。本实验结果认为,日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果的差异主要与调控鱼体内糖代谢的关键酶己糖激酶(HK)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)对不同糖源的糖分子结构不同活性有关,与糖的分子大小无关。在罗非鱼稚鱼饲料中添加蔗糖糖蜜效果较好。We have studied the effect of different carbohydrate sources in diet on aquaculture performance and mechanism in GIFT （Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia） Nile tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus） juveniles. The fish were fed with six types of isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi-pure formulated diets which contained 25% glucose, maltose, sucrose, sugarcane molasses, dextrin, and wheat starch in six experiment groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 respectively. The result show that the specific growth rate （SGR）, feed efficiency ratio （FER） in fish of glucose group and maltose group were significantly lower than fish of other 4 groups （P〈0.05）. The gross energy of fish carcass in fish of glucose group and maltose group was significantly lower than fish of other 4 groups （P〈0.05）. The contents of liver lipid, liver glucose and muscle glycogen in fish of glucose group and maltose group were significantly lower than other 4 groups （P〈0.05）. The blood sugar concentration and contents of total protein in fish of glucose group were significantly lower than other 4 groups （P〈0.05）. The activity of pyruvate kinase （PK） in hepatic tissue of fish in glucose group and maltose group were significantly higher than other 4 groups （P〈0.05）, but the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase （G6Pase） and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase （PEPCK） in hepatic tissue of fish in glucose group and maltose group were significantly lower than fish in other 4 groups （P〈0.05）. Therefore, we consider that the differences on aquaculture performance of the juvenile GIFT tilapia fed by different carbohydrate sources in diet were related with the activities of HK, G6Pase, and PEPCK mainly, rather than the molecular size of carbohydrates. It is practical to add sugarcane molasses in feed of tilapia juvenile.

关 键 词：罗非鱼 日粮 糖源 生长效益 酶活性 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]