微波法煤基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能研究  

Coal Based Activated Carbon Prepared by Microwave Heating and Its Electrochemical Performance

作　　者：邢宝林[1] 李龙[1] 马爱玲 张传祥[1] 谌伦建[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,环境友好型无机材料河南省高校(河南省)重点实验室培育基地,焦作454003 [2]河南工程技术学校,焦作454000

出　　处：《材料导报》2013年第18期133-136,共4页Materials Reports

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A430336);河南省教育厅自然科学基金(2011A480003)

摘　　要：以内蒙古优质褐煤为原料,KOH为活化剂,采用微波加热活化法制备超级电容器用活性炭,利用低温氮气吸附及恒流充放电、循环伏安等方法测定活性炭的孔结构及其用作电极材料的电化学性能,并与日本商业化超级电容器用活性炭在结构及性能方面进行对比分析。结果表明,在碱炭比为3,微波活化时间为20min的条件下,可制备出比表面积达2593m2/g、总孔容达1.685cm3/g、孔径主要分布在0.5～10nm之间、中孔率达67.3%、平均孔径为2.61nm的优质活性炭。该活性炭用作超级电容器电极材料在3mol/L KOH电解液中具有优异的电化学性能,电流密度由50mA/g提高到10A/g时,其比电容由346F/g降低到273F/g,显示出良好的功率特性,经1000次循环后,比电容保持率为93.2%。与商业活性炭相比,微波法活性炭的性能更加优良。Activated carbon for supercapacitor was prepared from Inner Mongolia lignite by microwave heating with KOH as activation agent.The pore structures of activated carbon was characterized by N2 adsorption at 77 K,the electrochemical performances of activated carbon electrode materials were evaluated by constant current charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry,and compared with the Japanese commercial activated carbon for supercapacitor in structure and performance.The results show that high quality activated carbon can be prepared under the condition of the ratio of KOH to lignite was 3 and microwave activation time was 20 min,which specific surface area was 2593 m2/ g,total pore volume was 1.685 cm3/g,the ratio of mesopore was 67.3％,the pore size mainly distributed in 0.5-10 nm,and average pore width was 2.61 nm.In 3 mol/L KOH electrolyte,the supercapacitor with the activated carbon as electrodes exhibited excellent electrochemical performances,its specific capacitance decreased from 346 F/g to 273 F/g as the current density increased from 50 mA/g to 10 A/g,indicating excellent power performance,and the residual specific capacitance was beyond 93.2％ after 1000 cycles.Compared with commercial activated carbon,the performance of activated carbon prepared by microwave heating was more excellent.

关 键 词：煤基活性炭 微波加热 超级电容器 电极材料 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程] TM53[电气工程—电器]