天津市河北区疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of suspected adverse events following immunization in Hebei District,Tianjin City,China

作　　者：李薇[1] 刘红英[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市河北区疾病预防控制中心,天津300150

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2013年第9期1309-1312,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的 分析天津市河北区2008～2012年疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse event following immunization,AEFI）的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转情况、疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法 收集天津市河北区2008～2012年AEFI监测系统报告的个案数据,利用Excel建立数据库,采用描述性流行病学方法对相关指标进行分析。结果 天津市河北区2008～2012共报告AEFI469例,报告发生率为61.79/10万,其中男性259例（55.22%）,女性210例（44.78%）,病例发生年龄主要集中在3岁以内,一般反应227例（48.40%）,异常反应197例（42.00%）,偶合症45例（9.59%）,无疫苗质量事故、接种事故及心因性反应的发生;48h及时报告率93.39%,48h及时调查率97.98%,以街道为单位报告覆盖率为100%;AEFI涉及的22类疫苗中,以麻疹减毒活疫苗为主,235例（50.11%）,其次为吸附无细胞百白破疫苗;76.33%的AEFI反应发生在接种后1d或1d内,间隔最短的为55min,为接种23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗后发生的血管性水肿,间隔最长的为9个月,为接种卡介苗后发生的异常反应（卡介苗淋巴结炎）;469例AEFI治愈465例,好转3例,偶合死亡1例。结论 河北区AEFI监测系统运转正常,疫苗的安全性和预防接种质量良好。Objective To analyze the incidence of adverse events following immunization （AEFIs） in Hebei District, Tianjin City, China during 2008 - 2012, and evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system, the safety of vaccine and the quality of immunization services. Methods The data of AEFIs reported by AEFI surveillance system in Hebei District during 2008 - 2012 were collected, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 469 cases of AEFIs were reported in Hebei District, indicating an incidence rate of 61. 79/100 000, of which 259 （55.22%） appeared in males and 210 （44. 78%） in females. Most of the cases appeared in the children at ages of not more than 3 years. The AEFIs included 227 cases （48. 40%） of general reactions, 197 cases （42%） of abnormal reac- tions and 45 cases （9. 59% ） of coupled reactions. No accident reactions due to vaccine quality and vaccination or psy- chogenic reactions were reported. The report rate and in-time investigation rate within 48 h were 93. 39% and 97. 98% respectively. The report rate calculated using community as unit was 100%. The AEFIs were associated with 22 kinds of vaccines, most of which were associated with measles vaccine （235 cases, 50. 11%）, second with adsorbed acellular DTP. Of the AEFIs, 76. 33% appeared 1 d or within 1 d after vaccination. The shortest interval （55 min） between vacci- nation and AEFI was 55 min, which was associated with 23-valent phneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and the AEFI was expressed as angioedema. The longest interval between vaccination and AEFI was 9 months, which was associated with BCG, and AEFI was expressed as BCG-associated lymphnoditis. Of the 469 cases of AEFIs, 465 were cured and 3 were improved. However, one case of coupled death was observed. Conclusion The AEFI surveillance system in Hebei District is in normal operation, with high safety of vaccines and high quality of vaccination service.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R392.33[医药卫生—免疫学]