施用淡紫拟青霉与套作对香蕉枯萎病控病作用的影响  

Effects of Paecilomyces lilacinus application and intercropping on controlling Fusarium wilt of banana

作　　者：汪军[1,2] 王国芬[2] 杨腊英[2] 郭立佳[2] 潘江禹[1,2] 毛超[1,2] 戴青冬[1,2] 黄俊生[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学,海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所.农业部热带农林有害生物入侵检测与控制重点实验室.海南省热带农业有害生物检测与控制重点实验室,海口571101

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第5期857-864,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD48B02);公益性行业(农业)科技专项(200903049);农业科技成果转化资金(2012GB23260563);海南省研究生创新科研课题(Hyb2012-5);海南大学"211工程"建设项目;海南大学环境与植物保护学院研究生创新平台

摘　　要：【目的】探讨施用淡紫拟青霉与套作对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果。【方法】采用完全随机区组试验，测定了香蕉、红薯套作条件下4个淡紫拟青霉E7施用浓度对香蕉生长、枯萎病病情指数、枯萎病病原菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense, FOC）与E7及可培养微生物存活力的影响。【结果】与对照比较，在香蕉移栽120d时，在单作和套作条件下，施用E7能促进香蕉生长和提高控病作用，其中以套作与共同施用E7浓度10^6（cfu·g^-1土）控病作用最显著，香蕉株高、茎围、叶宽、地上部、地下部鲜质量和防效显著提高，施用E7处理后病情指数下降了47．71％～69．61％；根际和不同土层的FOC菌量均显著降低，E7菌量均显著提高；根际可培养真菌、细菌和放线菌数量分别显著增加了1．12-6．65倍，16．35—38．32和2．80—3．49倍，FOC数量显著降低了96．61％～99．44％;FOC与根际可培养真菌和细菌数量呈显著负相关关系，与病情指数呈极显著正相关关系。【结论】施用E7结合套作可促进香蕉生长，提高根际微生物数量，增加对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果，具有较大的应用前景。[Objective]The objective of the study was investigate the effects of Paecilomyces lilacinus ap- plication and intercropping systems on controlling of Fusarium wilt of banana. [MethodlA randomized block experiment was conducted to test the effects of four P. lilacinus E7 concentrations on the growth of banana plants, disease severity index（DSI） of Fusarium wilt, survival ability of FOC and E7 and other culturable microbial population in banana and sweet potato intercropping. [Result]After 120 days of transplanting, the growth of banana and control efficiencies were increased with increasing E7 application in both intercropping and monocropping compared to the monocropping with control treatment. The combination of the intercropping with 106cfu·g^-1 soil showed the efficiency resistant to Fusarium wilt of banana increased the plant height, stem thickness, leaf width, fresh weight of aerial and underground part and control efficiency, and at the same time the number of FOC and E7 in banana rhizosphere and in soils different in depth was decreased and increased significantly, respectively; with E7 application in intercropping, DSI was decreased by 47.71% to 69.61%, the number of culturable fungi, bacteria and actinomyces in rhizosphere was increased significantly by 1.12 to 6.65,16.35 to 38.32 and 2.80 to 3.49 times respectively, while the number of FOC was decreased significantly by 96.61% to 99.44% ;The number of FOC was negatively correlated to the number of culturable fungi and bacteria, while the number of FOC was most positively correlated to DSI. [Conclusion]Using E7 inoculum with intercropping could effectively promote the growth of banana and improve microbial population at rhizosphere of banana, and increase the control effect of Fusarium wilt of banana, and showing a wide application prospect.

关 键 词：香蕉枯萎病 单作 套作 淡紫拟青霉 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]