中国新石器时期排房建筑概况及其成因初探  

Outline of the Construction of Ｒowed Houses in Neolithic Distribution of shina and the Cause of their Formation

作　　者：曹曼青[1] 方拥[2] 葛峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学建筑学研究中心,北京市100871 [2]北京大学考古文博学院,北京市100871

出　　处：《华夏考古》2013年第3期56-68,共13页Huaxia Archaeology

摘　　要：成排分布的房址是我国新石器时期聚落十分常见的布局方式,排房作为多空间大型建筑,更是其中引人注意的一类,但是和另一些建筑的界限还不明晰。本文由目前发布的考古资料总结出:仰韶文化晚期与屈家岭文化之交,以及龙山文化王油坊类型,是排房建筑在我国的两大兴盛期与集中分布区;继而由环境、建筑技术与社会学等视角分析排房所处的自然、社会、历史环境。结论认为,氏族向家族转化时期,由原居地外迁的大量移民提出了对排房这种建筑形制的需求,而干栏流行区域的长屋传统为创造成熟的排房形制提供了便利,排房在这一对必要性与可能性的综合作用下应运而生。Terraced houses spread all over Neolithic relics in China, yet such popularity was to some point inflated by other building forms that had obscure differentiations from terraced house. The author summarized archeology researches and identified two regions/ periods witnessing the popularity of terraced house. On the basis of descriptive study, this article went on to analyze the contexts of terraced house in perspectives of geography, building techniques and sociology. The conclusion is ： during the period when elan organ-izations transferred towards family society, migrating activities gave rise to the need of terrace form; assisted by existing building forms in the locality, people eventually managed to construct proper terraced houses to accommodate their household and social life.

关 键 词：排房 干栏长屋 新石器文明 氏族 移民 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] TU-092[历史地理—历史学]