准噶尔盆地东南部基于Thom-Thony-Vauclin模型的蒸发皿蒸发量估算  

Estimation of pan evaporation in southeastern Junggar Basin of Northwest China based on Thom-Thony-Vauclin Model

作　　者：郑新军[1] 王玉刚[1] 李彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第10期2606-2613,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB825102);国家国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFA92720-05)资助

摘　　要：应用阜康荒漠生态站实际观测辐射和E601B型蒸发皿蒸发数据，分别校正了Angstrom-Prescott和Thom-Thony-Vauclin模型的参数，并探讨了在过去50年气候变化背景下，蒸发皿蒸发量下降的原因。当经验参数as=0.3134、bs=0.5357，以及a=0.6844、c=1.4123时，AngstromPrescott模型和Thom-Thony-Vauclin模型分别达到最佳优合度。Thom-Thony-Vauclin模型计算表明：2005—2011年4—10月植物生长季蒸发皿蒸发量为954.2-1120 mm，平均值为1028.4 mm。风速下降对准噶尔盆地东南部蒸发皿蒸发量变化贡献最大（66.2%），其次为温度升高和辐射下降，分别贡献21.2%和8.0%，而水汽压饱和亏下降贡献最少（5.9%）。除了相对敏感度随净辐射升高而下降外，其他3项指标与之相反。可见，风速下降是准噶尔盆地东南部蒸发皿蒸发量下降的最主要原因。By using the observed data of daily solar radiation and pan evaporation from E601B evaporation pan at Fukang Desert Ecological Station, Xinjiang of Northwest China, the empirical parameters of Angstrom-Prescott Model and Thom-Thony-Vauclin Model were calibrated, respectively, aimed to analyze the possible reasons of the descend of pan evaporation in southeastern Junggar Basin under the scenario of past five decades climate change. When as=0.3134 and bs=0.5357, and a=0.6844 and c=1.4123, the Angstrom-Prescott Model and Thom-Thony-Vauclin Model preformed the best fitness, respectively. The calculation with Thom-Thony-Vauclin Model showed that the sum of pan evaporation in the plant growth season （April-October） in 2005-2011 ranged from 954.2 mm to 1120.0 mm, with an average of 1028.4 mm. For the variation of pan evaporation, wind speed descending contributed most （66.2%）, air temperature ascending and solar radiation descending contributed 21.2% and 8.0%, respectively, whereas vapor pressure deficit descending contributed least （5.9%）. Except that the relative sensitivity decreased with the increase of net radiation, the other three indicators showed opposite trends. Consequently, wind speed descending could be the most possible reason for the pan evaporation paradox in southeastern Junggar Basin.

关 键 词：Angstrom-Prescott模型 E601B型蒸发皿 Thom-Thony—Vauclin模型 辐射降低 风速变小 蒸发皿悖论 

分 类 号：P426.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]