高寒草原湿地自然保护区生态系统健康评价  

Ecosystem health assessment of alpine grassland wetland nature reserve

作　　者：王玮[1] 常学礼[1] 吕世海[2] 赛.巴雅尔图 吾甫尔.托呼提 吾其尔 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学地理与规划学院,山东烟台264025 [2]中国环境科学研究院生态研究所,北京100012 [3]新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州博斯腾湖研究所,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州草原站,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第10期2780-2787,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(200809125);鲁东大学学科建设项目资助

摘　　要：高寒草原湿地是干旱区绿洲水资源最重要的源地,其生态系统健康评价在区域环境变化分析中扮演着重要的角色。地处新疆天山中部的巴音布鲁克草原是欧亚大陆干旱区具有代表性的高寒草原湿地生态系统。本文应用"3S"技术和地面光谱-生物量建模方法对2002—2010年的MODIS NDVI数据进行了分析,从生产力角度对该区的生态系统健康状况进行了评价。结果表明,草原湿地保护区生态系统健康主要承载了气候变化波动的影响。在生态系统健康从平均状态到最佳状态的变化中,保护区生态系统健康总体为较好水平,健康和较好水平的区域占总面积的91%以上,且不同分区之间变化差别不显著。在平均状态向较差状态的变化中,保护区生态系统健康总体为较差,健康以上水平区域所占比例不足40%。不同的分区存在明显的异质性,核心区(湿地)的健康水平变化小于试验区和缓冲区(高寒草原)。高寒草原湿地保护区的核心区(湿地)在区域畜牧业生产活动和生物多样性维持中扮演了重要的角色,其生产力在最差年份仍有48%的区域能够维持平均水平以上,其中生态系统健康较好区域的面积仍达到18%以上。Alpine grassland wetland is the most important water source region of arid area oasis. Its ecosystem health assessment is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of regional environmental change. The Bayanbulak National Alpine Grassland Nature Reserve in the central part of Tianshan Mountains is the representative alpine grassland wetland ecosystem in the arid area of Eurasia continent. In this paper, ＂3S＂ technology and ground reflective spectrumbiomass model were applied to analyze the 2002-2010 MODIS NDVI data, and the ecosystem health status of the Reserve was assessed from the viewpoint of productivity. In the Reserve, the ecosystem health was mainly affected by climate fluctuation. In the process of the ecosystem health changed from average level to the best, the health status of the ecosystem was generally good. The healthy and healthier areas accounted for more than 91% of the total area, and there was no significant difference among different divisions. In the process of ecosystem health changed from average level to the worst, the health status of the ecosystem was overall bad, and the healthy area was less than 40%. There was an obvious heterogeneity among different divisions. The health level of the core area （wetland） was lower than that in the experimental and buffer areas （alpine grassland）. The core area （wetland） played an important role in animal husbandry production and biodiversity conservation. Even in the worst year, 48% of the wetland still had a higher productivity than the average level, and the healthier area accounted for more than 18%.

关 键 词：生态系统健康 生态评价 巴音布鲁克国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]