固定化漆酶载体研究进展  

Carriers for immobilized laccase: Research progress

作　　者：王新[1] 刘丽[1] 陆佳靓[1] 梁吉艳[1] 崔丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学理学院,沈阳110870

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第10期2823-2829,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅一般科研基金项目(L2012037);辽宁省高等学校杰出青年学者成长计划项目(LJQ2011010)资助

摘　　要：漆酶作为一种易得且具有优良特性的氧化酶类,其在环境污染治理领域的应用越来越受到研究人员的重视。对游离态漆酶进行的固定化处理使得酶的效率和重复使用率都有所提高,在酶固定化的过程中对于载体的选择十分关键。易得、适宜的载体可以简化固定化酶的制备工艺,利于固定化酶的工业化生产和应用。相反,不合适的载体会直接影响酶固定化后的使用效果。近几年,由于材料、环境等相关领域的快速发展,越来越多的新型、优质的材料被制作成固定化漆酶的载体,这些新型的载体都在一定程度上提升了漆酶的利用率。另外,对已使用的载体进行改良后再用于固定化漆酶也使得漆酶的性能有所提高。本文综合介绍了几种近几年较新型的漆酶固定化的载体材料,并对固定化后的漆酶性能做了简要总结,确定了不同载体进行固定化漆酶时的最佳条件,同时对各种载体的特点进行了简单的说明,最后对于固定化漆酶载体的发展趋势给予了分析。Laccase is a kind of oxidases, which is easily obtained and featured with excellent characteristics. More and more attentions have being paid on laccase because of its widespread applications in the field of environmental pollution control. To immobilize the freestate laccase to improve its catalytic efficiency and reuse rate, the selection of carriers is crucial for the immobilization process. Easily obtained and appropriate carriers can simplify the immobilization process, being conducive to the industrialized production and application of immobilized laccase, while inappropriate carriers could directly impact the use efficiency of immobilized laccase. In recent years, with the rapid development of the researches in materials, environment, and other related areas, growing numbers of new and high quality materials have been made into the carriers of immobilized laccase. To a certain extent, these newly developed carriers can enhance the utilization rate of laccase. In addition, some already applied carries after improvement are reused for preparing the immobilized laccase, and make the functions of laccase somewhat improved. This paper introduces several newly developed materials used as the carriers for laccase immobilization, summarizes the functions of laccase after immobilization, defines the optimal conditions for laccase immobilization, enumerates the advantages and disadvantages of various carriers, and analyzes the development trend of the carriers for laccase immobilization.

关 键 词：漆酶 固定化 载体 利用率 最佳条件 

分 类 号：Q814.2[生物学—生物工程]