市场信号、农户类型与农业生产经营行为的逻辑——来自鲁、晋、宁千余农户调查的证据  

Market Signals,Types of Peasant Household and the Logic of Peasants' Behavior on Production Operations——Evidence from a Survey of over 1000 Peasant Households in Shandong, Shanxi and Ningxia Province

作　　者：钟真[1] 孔祥智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2013年第5期62-75,共14页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"产业链转型视角下的生鲜乳质量安全保障机制研究"(71203227);国家自然科学基金面上项目"成员异质性;合作社理论创新与农民专业合作社发展政策体系构建"(71273267);北京市哲学社会科学规划项目"成本快速上升对京郊观光农业的影响研究"(12JGC097)

摘　　要：农户是追求家庭效用最大化的、部分参与市场的经济单位,其生产经营行为并不完全符合"经济人"的行为逻辑,而是取决于农户的类型。基于农户面对市场信号变动时采取的实际生产经营行为与市场配置资源的逻辑相一致的程度,可以将"农户市场化水平"作为区分当前农户类型的重要指标。抽样调查的数据显示,目前中国农户的市场化水平还不高,其生产经营行为很难根据市场配置资源的逻辑来进行调控,这是农业政策经常出现偏差的重要原因。充分评估农业政策目标农户的类型,并从显著影响农户市场化水平的因素入手来选择合理的调控手段,将有助于缩小政策偏差、提高农业政策的有效性。Peasant household is an economic unit which pursues the maximization of household utility and partially participates in market. Its behavior of production and management does not fully meet the logic of a rational producer but depends on the type of peasant household. This paper argues that, ＂The level of peasant households＇ marketization＂ is currently an important indicator of distinction between types of peasant household, which is based on the consistent degree between actual production management behavior and the market logic of resources allocation when market signals change. Largescale sample survey data show that the current level of peasant household marketization in China is not high, and therefore the peasant household＇s behavior of production and management remains unpredictable to a large extent. This is an important reason for the usual deviation of agricultural policies. However, a full assessment of the type of agricultural policies＇ target peasant household and the selection of proper adjusting measures taking into consideration the factors which significantly affect the level of peasant household marketization will help reduce this deviation and improve the effectiveness of agricultural policies.

关 键 词：农户行为 市场信号 市场化水平 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济] F123.9F224