俄罗斯黄花草木樨改良盐碱化土壤的试验性研究  

Experimental Study on Amelioration Effect on Saline-alkali Land of Melilotus Offcinalia from Russia

作　　者：林年丰[1] 刘岩岩[1] 汤洁[1] 卞建民[1] 梁爽[1] 张豪[1] 娄云[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第5期1198-1203,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903031)资助

摘　　要：半个世纪以来,松嫩平原土地盐碱化发展迅速,严重影响农牧业的发展,虽然采取各种方法进行治理,但其效果不甚理想。作者采用俄罗斯黄花草木樨,对松嫩平原西部盐碱化土壤进行系列改良,取得了明显效果:pH值从9.1下降至8.6,碱化度下降15.18%,可溶盐总量下降10.11%,有机质总量提高13.58%,总氮量提高11.92%。土壤结构及物理性状也有较大的改善,土壤孔隙度增加了15.42%。改良后的土壤可以种植谷物和牧草,并获得较好的收成。农田、草地生态系统逐步得到恢复和重建。研究表明,种植黄花草木樨可获得较大的生态、经济和社会效益。因此,建议推广种植及开展综合利用,以保护土地资源,促进粮食安全。For half a century, the salinization of land in Songnen Plain has rapidly developed, which seriously affects the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Various governance methods have been taken, but the effects are not ideal. The author takes a series of measures to ameliorate saline-alkali land in western Songnen Plain via Melilotus Offcinalia from Russia and achieves remarkable results. In detail, pH declines from 9.1 to 8.6, and basicity decreases by 15.18%. The content of total soluble salts declines by 10.11%, that of organic matter increases by 13.58%, and that of total nitrogen increases by 11.92%. The structure and physical properties of soil also have been greatly improved, for example, the porosity of soil increases by 14.29%. The improved soil can cultivate cereals and pasture and get a better harvest. So the ecosystem of farmland and grassland has gradually recovered and rebuilt. Studies have shown that planting melilotus offcinalia can achieve large ecological, economic and social benefits. Therefore, it is recommended to promote the cultivation and carry out comprehensive utilization of melilotus offcinalia, in order to protect the land resources and promote food security.

关 键 词：盐碱化土壤 俄罗斯黄花草木樨 生物改良 综合利用 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]