应用16S rDNA克隆文库技术研究脱硫废弃物对盐碱地土壤细菌多样性的影响  

Effects of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum by-Products on Bacterial Diversity in Alkaline-saline Soil by 16S-rDNA clone library

作　　者：李明[1,2] 王艳芬[2] 张俊华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心,宁夏银川750002 [2]中国科学院研究生院生命科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第5期1218-1227,共10页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ12125)资助

摘　　要：应用16SrDNA克隆文库技术，直接提取土壤微生物总DNA，研究了施用燃煤烟气脱硫废弃物（简称脱硫废弃物）后对盐碱地土壤细菌群落结构的影响。采集宁夏银北西大滩设置的大田试验对照（cK）和施用脱硫废弃物0．74gm-2（T）处理的0—20am和20—40cm两个土层的土壤样品，分别构建细菌16SrDNA克隆文库，并进行序列测定和分析。结果表明：施用脱硫废弃物显著改变了土壤中细菌群落结构，细菌的多样性指数和均匀度均有所升高，这表明细菌的多样性有所提高。并且检测到土壤中放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflezi）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）、芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）、蓝细菌（Cyanobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）及未培养菌（Unculturedbacteriumclone）等菌群，其中放线菌门为优势菌群，分别占到细菌总量的36．4％、33．8％、24．7％、30．1％。施用脱硫废弃物后增加了0～20cm土层的变形菌门，减少了放线菌门和厚壁菌门。16SrDNA系统发育分析表明，施用脱硫废弃物对变形菌门群落结构影响最大，其次是放线菌门、厚壁菌门、疣微菌门。Effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum by-products （FGDB） on alkaline-saline soil bacterial community structure was studied through 16S rDNA gene. Total microbial DNA was directly extracted from both treatment soils. We collected soils including those amended with FGDB （0.74 g m-z） and control treatments （CK） from 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 em depths in Pingluo County, in Northwest China. The clone libraries were constructed after cloning and sequencing. The results showed that the bacterial community composition of alkaline-saline soil amended with FGDB changed significantly as compared with control treatment, both Shannon index and evenness increased which indicating the increase of bacterial diversity. We tested Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacterio, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and the uncultured bacterial clones. The largest fractions were Actinobacteria which accounting for 36.4%, 33.8%, 24.7% and 30.1% of the total clones, respectively. Application of FGDB induced obvious increase of Proteobacteria as compared to CK. In contrast, the genotypes of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes decreased in 0 - 20 cm depth. The phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rDNA sequences showed that the application of FGDB changed the distribution of Proteobacteria to the greatest extent, followed by A ctinobacteria and Firmicutes.

关 键 词：16SrDNA克隆文库 脱硫废弃物 盐碱地 土壤细菌群落 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]