南方离子型稀土矿的环境问题及生态重建途径  

Environmental Issues and Ecological Restoration of Ion-absorbed-type Rare Earth Deposit in South China

作　　者：蔡奇英 刘以珍 管毕财 吴兰 葛刚[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]江西省植物资源重点实验室 [2]江西省分子生物学与基因工程重点实验室 [3]南昌大学流域生态学研究所

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2013年第5期52-54,共3页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：科技部支撑计划(2012BAE01B02);973计划(2012CBA01200)联合资助

摘　　要：离子型稀土矿主要分布我国南方,含中、重稀土较多,具有很强的市场竞争力。但是在池浸、堆浸以及原地浸矿工艺开采过程中均出现了较严重的生态环境问题,对采矿废弃地进行人工生态重建是当前面临的紧迫任务。生态重建应从废弃地稳定化处理、土壤改良、生态系统的功能设计与植被的恢复等方面着手。环境工程开采模式、常态化环境监测以及相应政策与程序是生态重建的有力保障。Ion-absorbed-type rare earth deposit mainly distributes in South China, which contains much middle-heavy rare earth relatively. It has strong competitiveness in market. However, three kinds of technical process （i.e. pool leaching, heap leaching ＆ insitu leaching） all have leaded more serious environmental issues. Consequently, ecological restoration at mining wastelands is an urgent task now. And it is suggested to embark on this work from stabilization treatment of mining wastelands, soil improvement, ecosystem function design and vegetation restoration, and so on. The processes of the ecological restoration will strongly supported by establishment of environmental engineering mode for mining, normalization of environmental monitoring, and application of corresponding policies and procedures.

关 键 词：离子型稀土 环境问题 生态重建 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]