多尺度地图面／面目标匹配模式及变化探测方法研究  

An Approach to Change Detection by Comparison of Corresponding Objects in Multi-scale Maps

作　　者：简灿良[1] 赵彬彬[2] 邓敏[2] 余丽钰 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,湖北武昌430079 [2]中南大学地理信息系,湖南长沙410083 [3]福建省基础地理信息中心,福建福州350003

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2013年第5期1-6,共6页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171351、41301404);地理空间信息工程国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室经费资助项目(201123);数字制图与国土信息应用工程国家测绘局重点实验室开放研究基金项目(GCWD201103)

摘　　要：多尺度地图数据更新的一个重要途径就是通过目标匹配技术获得已更新与待更新的不同比例尺地图之间表达同一地物的候选空间目标,并对候选匹配目标对进行比较,以便获得匹配目标间的差异以及发现未匹配的目标;进而,分析判断差异是否由该目标所表达的地理要素的实际变化所导致。该文以面目标匹配为例,对多尺度地图面目标匹配对的差异驱动因素和变化类型进行分析,针对不同模式的目标匹配对提出了利用长度差异、面积差异和重叠度指标进行差异驱动因素判别、变化探测和变化类型判定的方法,并验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。As spatial data is becoming abundant, the improvement of both the reuse and the quality of existing spatial data has been more concerned than ever. It is urgent to develop some related approaches for integrating and updating spatial data. Object matching has been one prospective solution for data integration and updating between multi-scale maps. Object matching as a technique is used to retrieve corresponding objects from different scale maps which represent the same features in the real world. After corresponding objects are found, the comparison between them in location, size, shape, perimeter, etc, is made, and their discrepancies are further investigated. At the same time, the causes and factors that can lead to these discrepancies are ana- lyzed. Moreover,these factors are summarized as three drivers,i, e. cartographic generalization, real change and data acquisition errors. This paper focuses on the former two drivers. During multi-scale map updating, only those discrepancies driven by real change, which happens to related features, are propagated from already-updated larger-scale maps to to-be-updated smaller-scale ones. As a result, it is very critical to distinguish those discrepancies. This procedure is called change detection. This paper pro- poses an approach for change detection by comparison of corresponding areas from different scale maps based on object matc- hing. Finally, the experiments of change detection are implemented by using residential maps of 1 ： 2 000 and 1 ： 10 000 scales, as aims to verify the effectiveness and practicality of these methods proposed in this paper. It is also shown from experiment re- sults that these methods work properly.

关 键 词：变化探测 变化分类 目标匹配 多尺度 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]