黄土台塬区农村生活用能结构的可持续性分析  

Socio-economic and Ecological Sustainability in Rural Household Energy Consumption in Loess Tableland Area

作　　者：侯红蕊[1,2] 吴文恒[1] 段志勇[3] 刘焱序[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [2]内蒙古城市规划市政设计研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [3]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第4期70-76,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"多元化利用方式下的农村生活能源消费行为与区域模式研究"(41101555);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2010JQ5006);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(09JK778)

摘　　要：关注农村生活用能的社会经济与生态成本对实现农村可持续发展具有重要意义。采用问卷调查方式获取黄土台塬区农村生活能源利用相关数据,建立核算模型估算了不同能源消费结构情景下的经济成本、生态成本和废料量。结果显示,现状户均消费2 018.16kg标煤,人均731.41kg标煤,总体用能水平较低;农户能源消费选择的主要依据是能源的现金支出和可获得性,生态成本很少考虑;与现状相比,9种能源结构类型下的经济和生态成本以及废料量差异较大。研究表明,利用沼气和太阳能的社会经济与生态综合成本较低,应是今后农村能源结构转换的发展方向。其中沼气可以成为替代薪柴的最有效资源,是该区农村实现能源利用与生态建设良性循环的主要用能方式。Close attention to the socio-economic and ecological cost of the rural energy use is of great significance to the rural sustainable development. With the questionnaire about the rural household energy consumption in the loess tableland area, an accounting model was established to estimate the economic cost, ecological cost and scrap quantity in various energy consumption structure. The result showed that presently the overall energy consumption level was low with average consumption of 2 018.16 kg of standard coal equiva- lent per household and 731.41 kg per person; the household energy consumption was mainly depended on the cash and energy availability with little consideration into the ecological cost; compared with the present situa- tion, there are big differences in the economic cost, ecological cost and waste quantity among 9 kinds of ener- gy consumption types. It is indicated that the use of biogas and solar power is the direction of rural energy consumption structure adjustment in the future because of its overall low socio-economic and ecological cost. Biogas could be the most effective substitution for firewood and would be the main way of energy consump- tion for the area to form a virtuous cycle of energy utilization and ecological construction.

关 键 词：农村生活能源 经济成本 生态成本 黄土台塬区 

分 类 号：S210.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]