灌溉和施磷对紫花苜蓿土壤水分动态及根重的影响  

Effect of Irrigation and Phosphorus Supply on Dynamic Changes of Soil Moisture Under Alfalfa Plant and Root Weight of Alfalfa

作　　者：霍海丽[1] 王琦[1] 张恩和[2] 师尚礼[1] 王田涛[2] 刘青林[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第4期159-165,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"沟垄集雨种植与可持续发展机理及优化设计"(41161090)

摘　　要：采用完全随机裂区设计,常规灌溉量(330mm),节水20%灌溉量(264mm)和节水40%灌溉量(198mm)作为主处理,施磷量(0,60,120和180kg/hm2)作为副处理,研究了不同灌溉量和施磷量对紫花苜蓿土壤贮水量、耗水强度、水分利用效率和根重的影响。结果表明,土壤贮水量、紫花苜蓿耗水强度和根重随灌溉量增加而增加,水分利用效率随灌溉量增加而降低。施磷对紫花苜蓿土壤贮水量和耗水强度影响不明显。紫花苜蓿水分利用效率和深度0—40cm根重随施磷量的增加表现为先增加后降低,当施磷量达到120kg/hm2时,紫花苜蓿水分利用效率﹝26.50kg/(mm·hm2)﹞和全生育期平均根重(1 320.78g/m2)达到最大值。According to the complete random split spot design, the effects of different irrigation water amount and phosphorous supply on the water srtorage, water consumption rate, water utilization efficiency（WUE） of soil under alfalfa, and root weight of alfalfa were analysed taking irrigation water（330 mm of normal irri- gation, 164 mm of 20o//00 saved irrigation and 198 mm of 40% saved irrigation） as the main factors and phos- phorus supply（0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/hm2） as the cofactor. It was indicated that the soil water storage, the water consuming capacity and root weight of alfalfa increased with the irrigation water increasing while the water utilization efficiency decreased with it. Phosphorus supply did not significantly affect soil water storage and water consumption rate. The WUE and dry root weights of alfalfa at 0--40 cm depth increased with P supplies~ increasing at first, and decreased later while the WUE and the whole life dry root weight reached its maximum value at 26.50 kg/（mm · hm2） and 1 320.78 g/m2 when the phosphorous application rate was 120 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：灌溉 施磷 紫花苜蓿 土壤水分 根重 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] S54[农业科学—农业工程]