彩色小麦F_2代种皮颜色遗传规律  

Seed Coat Color Inheritance Analysis of Colored-grain Wheat in F_2 Generation

作　　者：何秀平[1,2] 张正斌[2] 徐萍[2] 杨引福[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第9期35-40,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院生物局知识创新重要方向性项目(KSCX2-EW-N-02)

摘　　要：用蓝粒小麦和紫粒小麦杂交,对F2代单株和单穗粒色遗传分离比例进行分析表明,F2代疯狂分离,出现了多种分离类型。籽粒颜色分离强度在单株水平大于单穗水平,2种颜色分离大于3种颜色分离。紫蓝粒同穗主要受2对基因互作控制,基因间互作类型多少依次是抑制作用、互补作用和重叠作用。红蓝粒同穗主要受2对基因互作控制,其次是受1对基因控制,再次受3对基因互作控制;2对基因互作类型多少依次是互补作用、抑制作用和重叠作用。红紫粒同穗,红白粒同穗和蓝白粒同穗均由2对基因控制。各籽粒颜色间的显隐性关系是红粒对紫粒是显性,红粒和紫粒对蓝粒是显性,红粒、紫粒和蓝粒对白粒是显性。因此,除了紫粒表现果皮遗传,蓝粒表现花粉直感外,紫粒和蓝粒杂交后代中粒色还存在复杂的基因互作模式,基因剂量效应等遗传效应。Colored grain wheat is a new germplasm resource for biofortification breeding and contains rich nutrition. The research on its genetic and breeding law has important significance. In this paper, the hybrid combination of blue colored grain and purple colored grain wheat has designed to study the genetic characteristics. We analysis the F2generation on individual plant level and individual spike level, the results show colored grain wheat of F2generation separate crazily, and appear a variety of separation types. The performance of separation intention is that individual plant level stronger than individual spike level and two colored grain separation more than three colored grain separation. Purple colored grain and blue colored grain in the same spike are mainly controlled by two genes. The effects of gene interaction are inhibiting effect, complementary effect, and duplicate effect arranged from strong to weak. Red colored grains and blue colored grains in the same spike are affected by two genes, and then one gene, and last three genes, the effects of gene interaction are complementary effect, inhibiting effect, and duplicate effect from strong to weak. Red colored grains and purple colored grains in the same spike, red colored grains and white colored grains in the spike, blue colored grains and white colored grains in the same spike are also controlled by two genes. The relationship between colored grains is that red colored grain is dominant to purple colored grain. Red colored grain and purple colored grain are dominant to blue colored grain. White colored grain is recessive to other colored grains. So besides purple colored grain wheat follows maternal inheritance pattern and blue colored grain wheat expresses xenia, the F2generation of purple grained wheat and blue grained wheat exits complex gene effect model such as gene interaction and dosage effect. The above results will provide a lot of information for genetic and breeding of colored grain wheat.

关 键 词：彩色小麦 F2 种皮颜色 遗传比例 基因 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]