农村生活用能的区域分异——以关中临渭区为例  

Regional Differentiation of Rural Household Energy Use——A Case Study of Linwei District,Guanzhong Area

作　　者：吴文恒[1] 乌亚娇[1] 李同昇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2013年第9期1594-1604,共11页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101555);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2010JQ5006);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(09JK778)

摘　　要：研究农村生活用能的区域分异,对于优化用能结构、制定合理的能源利用和生态环境保护政策具有重要意义。以关中临渭区为例,采用实地问卷调查、能源利用区位商、相关分析等方法,探究平原地区、黄土台塬与丘陵山区农村生活用能的分异特征及成因,得到以下结论:①平原地区具有区位优势的生活能源为煤炭、玉米棒芯、液化气、蜂窝煤、电能和太阳能,煤炭的区位商达2.671;黄土台塬为沼气、太阳能、作物秸秆、蜂窝煤、液化气和玉米棒芯,沼气的区位商达3.465;丘陵山区为薪柴,区位商为1.142。前两者用能多元化,商品能源较多;丘陵山区用能结构单一,木柴为主的非商品能源居多。②区域用能分异特征突出。平原地区市场化导向明显,多种能源互补利用;黄土台塬地区政策导向明显,沼气利用较多,用能组合多样;丘陵山区受自然条件影响,薪柴为主,其他燃料为辅。农村生活用能的区域分异取决于自然环境、生产结构、经济环境以及外界环境,是收入水平、温度、发展条件、政策影响等方面综合作用的结果。③平原地区人均收入高(7 056元),人均商品用能多(204.15 kgce);条件恶劣的丘陵山区人均收入低(5 750元),人均商品用能少(45.38 kgce)。人均非商品用能受人均收入影响小,相对稳定。人均有效耕地和人均耕地越多,人均商品用能越多,人均非商品用能越少,且人均有效耕地变化引起的用能类别的变化幅度较大。It is significant to study the regional differentiation of rural household energy use for op- timizing the energy structure, drawing up the reasonable energy use plan and protecting the eco-en- vironment. Taking Linwei District, Guanzhong Area as a case, the differentiation features and cau- ses of rural household energy among the plain area, loess tableland area and hilly area are studied by questionnaire and interview face to face, location quotient of energy use, and correlation analysis methods. The results and conclusions are as follows. Firsdy, coal, corncob, liquid gas, honeycomb briquette, electric energy and solar energy are the comparative dominant household energy in the plain area, where the location quotient of coal reaches 2. 671. Biogas, solar energy, crop straw, honeycomb briquette, liquid gas and corncob are dominant in the loess tableland area, where the location quotient of biogas comes up to 3.465. In contrast, the firewood is only prominent in the hilly area, where the location quotient of firewood is 1. 142. It is more diverse for the household en- ergy to be used in the plain area and loess tableland area than in the hilly area. But the commercial energy of successional investment such as honeycomb briquette, coal, electric energy and liquid gas are more in the plain area, while the commercial energy of non-successional investment such as bio- gas and solar energy are more in the loess tableland area. Comparatively, the energy structure in the hilly area is simple since firewood, the non-commercial energy, is dominant absolutely. Sec- ondly, the regional differentiation features are that a variety of energy are coordinated each other to be utilized by the marketization guidance in the plain area, the biogas is prominent as a result of the guidance of the energy policy in the loess tableland area, and the firewood is major only due to the effect of natural conditions in the hilly area. The regional differentiation of energy use is the comprehensive results of the income level, te

关 键 词：农村生活用能 区域分异 能源利用区位商 相关分析 关中临渭区 

分 类 号：F323.214[经济管理—产业经济]