滴灌棉田土壤水盐氮的分布和运移规律  

Distribution and Transport of Water,Salinity and Nitrogen of Drip Irrigation Cotton Fields

作　　者：王海江[1] 李冬冬[1] 侯振安[1] 吕新[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院资源与环境系,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2013年第9期33-36,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2009CB825101);兵团青年科技创新资金专项(2012CB012);石河子大学校级课题(ZRKXYB-06)

摘　　要：选取典型绿洲滴灌条件下中度和轻度盐渍化棉田，研究不同盐分含量棉田土壤水、盐、氮的分布特征和运移规律。结果表明：整个生育期土壤（0-80cm）水分含量呈现增加-减少-增加-减少的趋势，中度盐渍化棉田土壤水分含量要显著高于轻度盐渍化棉田，并且在0-20cm、60-0cm土层含水量都较高。随着棉田土壤水分含量的增加，土壤盐分含量迅速降低，水分含量减少，盐分有所增加；棉田土壤表层硝态氮含量较高，60cm土层最低，80cm土层略有增加，轻度盐渍化棉田土壤硝态氮含量显著高于中度盐渍化棉田，其0-80cm土体硝态氮含量分别为30．3mg／kg和28．4mg／kg，主要是由于高盐分含量土壤水分残留较多，容易造成硝态氮的深层淋洗。Research is done on the distribution characteristics and transport of water, salinity and nitrogen for drip irrigation cotton field of moderate and mild salinity in the typical oasis. The results show that soil water content presents increasing-decreasing--in- creasing-decreasing in the whole growth period, soil water content of moderate salinization is higher than mild salinization significant- ly, the 0-20 cm, 60-80 cm especially. The soil salt content quicklydecreases with the soil water content increases, increase with soil water content reduces, the water and salt at 0-20 cm were changed drastically in cotton field, higher nitrate content in soil sur- face, 60 cm lowest and 80cm soil layer increases slightly, the soil nitrate content of mild salinization is higher than moderate saliniza- tion, NO3-N at 0480 cm are 30. 3 mg/kg, 28.4 mg/kg respectively, mainly due to the high salt content of soil residual moisture more, easy to cause deep leaching of nitrate nitrogen.

关 键 词：滴灌 滴灌棉花 土壤水盐氮 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]