遮光对石蒜物质积累与切花品质的影响  

Effects of shading on matter accumulation,bulb yield and cut flower morphologic quality of Lycoris radiata

作　　者：蔡军火[1] 魏绪英[2] 张露[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西财经大学艺术学院,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第9期1401-1406,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"石蒜属多倍体起源与分子进化"(30160072);国家863项目子课题"石蒜属新品种选育及产业化开发"(2002A24051);江西省教育厅青年科技项目"石蒜花期调控及其分子机理初探"(GJJ09475);江西省科技厅星火计划项目"石蒜在园林中的应用开发"(09000234)

摘　　要：以石蒜(Lycoris radiata)为材料,采用随机区组试验法分析了全光照(遮光0%)、遮光45%、遮光75%、遮光90%处理下石蒜叶片干物质和鳞茎干物质积累、叶面积、比叶重、根系生长量、鳞茎产量(即鳞茎数)、鳞茎直径、切花产量(即花葶数)、花葶长、花径的变化。结果表明,遮光程度越大,石蒜干物量总量(含叶片、鳞茎)和比叶重越小,鳞茎品质越差(即平均直径越小),花葶颈粗、根系数量及平均根长、根粗也越小,而单叶面积却越大。在4种遮光处理中,鳞茎干质量和干物质总量均以全光照(遮光0%)处理最多;而叶片干质量、鳞茎数、花支数、花葶长度、每葶小花数、花径则均以遮光45%处理的最大,净光合速率也以遮光45%处理的最高。综合考虑,石蒜的切花生产适宜的光环境为遮光45%处理,而以鳞茎为收获对象的种球生产则宜采用全光照方式栽培。The effects of different shading treatments on the dry matter accumulation, leaf area, specific weight, root growth, bulb yield and diameter, flower count, flower stem length, average number of flowers per truss, flower diameter, and the highest net photosynthetic rate of Lycoris radiata were studied using a randomized block experimental method. The results showed that the total dry matter weight, specific leaf weight, average bulb stem neck diameter, root number, root length, and the root diameter decreased with the increasing of shading degree. On the contrary, the average leaf area significantly increased with the increasing of shading degree. Under four shading treatments, 0 % shading treatment got the maximum total dry weight and the bulbs dry weight, while 45 % shading treatment got the largest leaf dry weight, bulbs number, flower count, flower stem length, average number of flowers per truss, flower diameter, and the highest net photosynthetic rate. These results indicated that 45 % shading treatment was the appropriate cultivation method of improving lycoris＇s cut flower production, 0% shading treatment was the suitable cultivation method for the purpose of bulbs harvest.

关 键 词：石蒜 遮光 物质积累 鳞茎产量 切花品质 

分 类 号：S682.29[农业科学—观赏园艺]