改性废聚氨酯制备高分子膨胀型阻燃剂  

Preparation of Macromolecular Intumescent Flame Retardant Based on Modifed Polyurethane

作　　者：戴旭[1] 董延茂[1,2] 孙成龙[1] 杨小琴[1] 李佳轩 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院化学生物与材料工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]江苏省环境功能材料重点实验室,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《塑料科技》2013年第10期68-73,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2011693);江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室项目(Zd101205);江苏省高校科研成果产业化推进项目(JHB2012-48)

摘　　要：以废聚氨酯(PU)、三氯氧磷(POCl3)等为原料合成了二氯磷酰化聚氨酯(PDP),再将PDP与三聚氰胺(MEL)等反应,制备了高分子膨胀型改性聚氨酯阻燃剂(MPU)。通过红外光谱(FTIR)分析、扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)、热重分析(TGA)等手段对产物进行了表征。将所得MPU用于环氧树脂(EP)的阻燃,并采用极限氧指数法(LOI)、垂直燃烧法(VBT)等方法检测了EP/MPU复合材料的阻燃性能。结果表明:当以1,4-二氧六环为溶剂、PU浓度为20 g/L、POCl3浓度为400 g/L、反应温度为80℃、反应时间为13 h时,PDP的P含量可达到19.6%;当MPU含量为30%时,EP/MPU复合材料的LOI值为28%,阻燃等级可达到UL 94V-0级。To modify and re-use the waste polyurethane （PU）, the intumescent flame retardant based on modified polyurethane （MPU） was prepared. Firstly, the phosphonic dichloride of polyurethane （PDP） was synthesized by using PU and phosphorus oxychloride （POCI3） as materials; Secondly, PDP reacted with melamine （MEL）. The products were characterized by FTIR, SEM- EDS and TGA. And the epoxy resin/MPU （EP/MPU） samples were prepared and tested by limiting oxygen index （LOI） method and vertical burning test （VBT） to evaluate the flame retarding performance. The results show that, the content of phosphorus in the PDP is about 19.6% under the optimum reaction conditions as follows： using 1,4-dioxane as solvent, the concentrations of PU and POCI3 are about 20 g/L and 400 g/L respectively; the reaction temperature is 80℃ and the reaction time is 13 h. The LOI of EP/MPU （30% MPU） is about 28%, and the flame retardant grade reached UL 94V-0.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 改性 膨胀型阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业]