利用分子标记预测玉米杂种优势的研究  

Study on Prediction of Heterosis in Maize (Zea mays L.) Using the Molecular Markers

作　　者：袁力行[1] 傅骏骅[1] 刘新芝[1] 彭泽斌[1] 张世煌[1] 李新海[1] 李连城[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2000年第6期6-12,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金："九五"国家重点科技攻关项目 !( 96-0 0 2 -0 2 -0 5-4 ) ;国家攀登计划! ( PD-XZ-3-2 ) ;亚洲玉米生物技术协作网( AMBIONET)基金

摘　　要：利用 RFLP、SSR、AFLP和 RAPD分子标记对 1 5个玉米 (Zea mays L.)骨干自交系进行遗传多样性分析 ,继而研究分子标记遗传距离与 1 0 5个双列杂交组合的产量及特殊配合力的相关性 ,探讨预测杂种优势的可能性。结果表明 :(1 )利用分子标记把 1 5个供试材料划分为唐四平头、旅大红骨、兰卡斯特、瑞德和 PN共 5个类群 ,与系谱分析基本一致 ;(2 )分子标记遗传距离与 F1产量、分子标记特殊遗传距离与特殊配合力之间都呈显著正相关 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,相关系数介于 0 .52～ 0 .72之间 ,但相关程度还不足以预测杂种优势。使用与杂种优势相关的 QTL连锁的分子标记位点可能提高杂种优势的预测能力 。Genetic diversity among 15 elite maize inbred lines was studied using the molecular markers, and the relationship between genetic distance (GD) and hybrid performance in a diallel set of crosses between them was assessed. These inbred lines were assayed for DNA polymorphism using 167 RFLPs, 201SSRs, 180AFLPs and 80 RAPDs, and were classified into five groups, which are Tangsipingtou, Lüda Red Cob, Lancaster, Reid, and PN group. They are consistent with the grouping based on the available pedigree data. The hybrid performance were revealed as F 1 grain yield (F 1Y) and specific combining ability (SCA), and GD were partioned into general (GGD) and specific (SGD) components. Correlation (r=0.52~0.72) of GD with F 1Y and SGD with SCA were positive but not too large to have a practical utility in predicting hybrid performance. The better correlation would be the pre selection of specific markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) correlated to heterosis.

关 键 词：玉米 分子标记 遗传距离 杂种优势预测 

分 类 号：S513.035.1[农业科学—作物学]