云南不同气候带气温变化特征  

On the features of different climate zones temperature change in Yunnan

作　　者：陶云[1] 樊风[1] 段旭[1] 何华[2] 何群[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象科学研究所,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034 [3]云南省气候中心,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期652-660,共9页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项项目(CCSF-09-4);云南省基金重点项目(2009CC002)

摘　　要：利用云南1961—2008年逐月平均气温观测资料,分析了云南不同气候带气温的时空变化特征.结果表明:①近50年来,云南6个气候带的年平均气温总趋势上升,其中高原气候带增暖最明显.除中亚热带和北亚热带增暖突变发生在90年代外,其余气候带增暖突变都发生在80年代.②云南不同气候带年平均气温存在明显不同的年代际变化.③云南各气候带的气温变化对全球气候变暖有较好的正响应.各个气候带年平均气温在全球气候偏冷期(偏暖期)较多年平均偏低(高).④云南各气候带气温变化与亚洲极涡的强度、面积,西太平洋副高的面积、强度、位置及印缅槽、西藏高原高度和均有非常显著的相关关系.在1961—2008年间亚洲极涡面积减小,强度减弱,冷空气偏弱;西太平洋副高面积增大,强度增强,西伸脊点偏西;印缅槽减弱;西藏高原高度和增加,不利于水汽向云南输送,这些因子的这种变化可能是引起云南各个气候带气温明显增加的主要原因之一.On the basis of the monthly average temperature data（1961--2008） in Yunnan Province, the change patterns of spatial and temporal distribution of different climate zones in the past 50 years and their re- sponse to Global Warming have been analyzed. The results indicate that firstly, in past 50 years, the annual aver- age temperature change trend of six climate zones in Yunnan consistently shows that the temperature is on the rise. The warming trend of Plateau Climate zone is the most significant. A warming abrupt point of Middle Sub- tropical zone and North Subtropical zone was observed in the 1990s and others in the 1980s. Secondly,there ex- ists an obviously interdecadal change trend in the annual average temperature of the six climate zones in Yunnan. Thirdly, there is positive relationship between climate zone temperatures in Yunnan and global warming. When the global climate is warmer, the annual average temperature of the six climate zones in Yunnan also become warmer; and vie versa. Fourthly, the annual average temperature of the six climate zones of Yunnan are closely related to the extent and intensity of polar vortex in Asian, the extent, intensity and location of the western Pacific subtropi- cal high,as well as the Indian Myanmar trough and height sum on the Tibet Plateau. Further,from 1961 to 2008, the extent and intensity of polar vortex in Asian and the Indian Myanmar trough decreased and the extent and in- tensity of the western Pacific subtropical high and height sum on the Tibet Plateau intensified. The western Pacific subtropical high shifted more westward. These changes of circulation may cause the significant increase of annual average temperature of the six climate zones in Yunnan.

关 键 词：云南气候带 气温 变化特征 

分 类 号：P423[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]