碳酸盐岩构造裂缝发育模式探讨  

Discussion on the development models of structural fractures in the carbonate rocks

作　　者：潘文庆[1,2,3] 侯贵廷[1,2] 齐英敏[3] 张鹏[1,2] 陈永权[3] 鞠玮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部造山带与地壳演化重点实验室 [2]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [3]塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《地学前缘》2013年第5期188-195,共8页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2008ZX05029-001);中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田攻关课题

摘　　要：从影响碳酸盐岩构造裂缝发育的主要因素入手,结合研究实例解剖分析,分别从岩性、层厚、风化作用、断裂作用、褶皱作用和区域构造应力场以及热液改造7个方面探讨了各种因素如何控制构造裂缝的发育程度和分布规律,并提出各种因素分别控制裂缝发育的概念模型。在考虑单一条件下,认为较粗粒的碳酸盐岩比较细的碳酸盐岩更易发育裂缝;薄层比厚层更易发育裂缝;风化壳顶部比下部更易发育裂缝;断裂附近比远离断裂更易发育裂缝;褶皱的转折端比翼部更易发育裂缝;区域应力场的应力集中部位更易比其他地区发育裂缝。热液改造裂缝可分为水力作用型和后充填型。On the basis of major factors controlling the fracture and the cases studied, the structural fractures developed and distributed in carbonate rocks are discussed from seven view points including lithology, rock bed thickness, weathering, faulting, folding,regional stress field and the modification by hydrotherrnal fluid. The conception models are proposed according to the different factors controlling the fracture development. The coarser carbonate rocks are easier in developing fractures than the finer ones, the thinner rocks are easier to develop fractures than the thicker ones. The top of the weathering crust are easier in developing fractures than its lower part. The fault regions are easier to develop fractures than those farther from the faults. The hinge of a fold is easier in developing fractures than the limb of the fold. The stress-concentrated areas are more easily to develop fractures than others. The fractures modified by hydrothermal solution can be divided into two types., hydraulic fractures and post-filling fractures.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 构造裂缝 岩性 层厚 风化作用 热液作用 构造作用 

分 类 号：P542.3[天文地球—构造地质学] P588.245[天文地球—地质学]