2012年青岛市住院分娩产妇乙型肝炎表面抗原检测及新生儿首针乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况调查  

On HBsAg detection among hospitalized puerperants and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccination for the neonatals in Qingdao city in 2012

作　　者：肖婷婷[1] 董海英[1] 李晓帆[1] 孙海燕[1] 管境 

机构地区：[1]青岛市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,山东266033

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2013年第17期1-3,共3页Journal Of Community Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2012年青岛市住院分娩产妇乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)检测及新生儿首针乙型肝炎疫苗(乙肝疫苗)接种情况,为进一步完善新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫策略提供依据。方法 2013年1—4月对2012年青岛市各级医疗保健机构上报的住院分娩产妇(98 006名)HBsAg检测情况及新生儿(98 006名,其中双胞胎或多胞胎按1名统计)首针乙肝疫苗接种情况监测资料进行分析,总结住院分娩产妇HBsAg检测情况、新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种情况及新生儿未及时接种首针乙肝疫苗原因。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2012年青岛市各级医疗保健机构住院分娩产妇HBsAg检测率为98.20%,已检测产妇HBsAg阳性率为4.17%。各级医疗保健机构出生新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种率为98.83%,及时接种率为96.43%,其中,城区及时接种率为95.23%,农村及时接种率为97.60%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=400.682,P<0.05)。未及时接种原因主要为患病(54.70%)、早产难产(20.39%)、低出生体重(17.29%)、发热(2.92%)及死亡(1.04%)等。结论 2012年青岛市住院分娩产妇HBsAg检测率、医院出生新生儿首针乙肝疫苗及时接种率均处于较高水平,城区首针乙肝疫苗及时接种率低于农村地区。Objective To know the situation of HBsAg detection among hospitalized puerperants and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccination for their babies in Qingdao city,so as to provide a basis for the improvement of hepatitis B vaccination for the new- borns.nethods Data reported from hospitals of all levels were analyzed and summarized on HBsAg detection among puerperants （n=98 006） and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccination for the newborns （n=98 006） from January to April in 2013.Count data were pro- cessed with X2 test,and the result of P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results A total of 98 006 puerperants were re- ported by the hospitals and the HBsAg detection rate was 98.20% in Qingdao city in 2012.The positive rate in the puerperants de- tected for HBsAg was 4.17%.A total of 98 006 newborns were reported and their first dose of hepatitis B vaccination coverage was 98.83%,timely first dose of hepatitis B vaccination coverage was 96.43%.The timely first dose of hepatitis B vaccination coverage was 95.23% in the urban and＇ 97.60% in the rural,the difference was statistically significant （X2=400.682,P〈 O.05）.The main causes for delayed vaccination were illness（54.70%）,premature births and difficult labour（20.39% ）,low birth weight（17：29%）,fever （2.92%） and death （1.04%）.Conclusion The rate of HBsAg detection among hospitalized puerperants and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccina- tion coverage for the newborns are at a relatively high level in Qingdao city in 2012.However,the rate of timely first dose of hepatitis B vaccination is lower in the urban than in the rural.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎表面抗原检测 新生儿首针乙型肝炎疫苗 接种率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]