出 处:《中国医师进修杂志》2013年第26期21-23,共3页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
摘 要:目的 观察小剂量右美托咪定(DEX)在老年椎体后凸成形术(PKP)中的镇静效果.方法 将40例ASA分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级择期行PKP的老年患者(年龄≥65岁)按随机数字表法分为DEX组和对照组,每组20例.DEX组于手术开始前10 min输注DEX,负荷剂量为0.5μg/kg,10 min后改为0.2μg/(kg·h);对照组输注等容量0.9%氯化钠.记录给药即刻(T0),给药后l0 min(T1)、30 min(T2)、60 min (T3)及术毕(T4)时收缩压、舒张压、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)的变化,同时记录Ramsay评分,并进行比较.结果 DEX组T1~T3心率、收缩压、舒张压均低于本组T0和同期对照组[(65.6±14.6)、(63.4±10.2)、(66.7±10.5)次/min比(81.4±11.2)次/min和(75.3±6.9)、(72.8±11.4)、(73.8±9.6),(127.5±10.2)、(125.4±12.6)、(122.4±7.8) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)比(152.5±11.8) mm Hg和(145.1±10.6)、(137.2±11.3)、(142.6±8.8) mm Hg,(73.7±8.9)、(70.3±9.9)、(70.3±11.5) mmHg比(90.5±11.0) mm Hg和(86.2±11.6)、(82.6±10.9)、(78.8±8.7) mm Hg],Ramsay评分均高于本组T0和同期对照组[(3.6±0.8)、(4.2±0.8)、(3.7±0.5)分比(2.0±0.0)分和(1.7±0.6)、(1.9±0.4)、(1.6±0.5)分],DEX组T4心率、收缩压、舒张压仍明显低于本组T0,DEX组T4心率还低于同期对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).全部患者均未发生心动过缓以及应用升压药.两组SpO2比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 小剂量DEX用于老年患者PKP中的镇静效果良好、安全可行.Objective To explore the sedative effects of a low dose of dexmedetomidine (DEX) during percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the elderly patients.Methods Forty elderly patients with ASA grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade who scheduled PKP were divided into DEX group and control group by random digits table method,each group 20 cases.DEX group received an infusion of 0.5 μg/kg for 10 min before the operation,then the infusion speed was adjusted to 0.2 μ g/ (kg·h).An equivalent volume of 0.9% sodium chloride was administered in control group.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate (HR),and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at the beginning of DEX infusion (T0),10 min(T1),30 min(T2),60 min(T3) after DEX infusion and the end of operation (T4),Ramsay scores was also recorded.Results HR,SBP,DBP in DEX group at T1-T3 was significantly lower than that T0 and the same time in control group [(65.6 ± 14.6),(63.4 ± 10.2),(66.7 ± 10.5) times/min vs.(81.4 ± 11.2) times/min and (75.3 ±6.9),(72.8 ± 11.4),(73.8 ±9.6) times/min; (127.5 ± 10.2),(125.4 ± 12.6),(122.4 ±7.8) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(152.5 ± 11.8) mm Hg and(145.1 ± 10.6),(137.2 ± 11.3),(142.6 ± 8.8) mm Hg; (73.7 ± 8.9),(70.3 ± 9.9),(70.3 ± 11.5) mm Hg vs.(90.5 ± 11.0) mm Hg and(86.2 ± 11.6),(82.6 ± 10.9),(78.8 ±8.7) mm Hg,P <0.05].The Ramsay scores in DEX group at T1-T3 were significantly higher than those T0 and the same time in control group [(3.6 ± 0.8),(4.2 ± 0.8),(3.7 ± 0.5) scores vs.(2.0 ± 0.0)scores and (1.7 ± 0.6),(1.9 ± 0.4),(1.6 ± 0.5) scores,P < 0.05].HR,SBP,DBP in DEX group at T4 was significantly lower than that T0,HR in DEX group at T4 was significandy lower than that in control group,difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Bradycardia and applications vasopressors did not occur in two groups.There was no signifi
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