黄海细纹狮子鱼种群特征的年际变化  

Interannual variation in the population dynamics of snailfish Liparis tanakae in the Yellow Sea

作　　者：陈云龙[1,2] 单秀娟[2] 周志鹏[2] 戴芳群[2] 李忠炉[3] 金显仕[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003 [2]山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [3]广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江524088

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第19期6227-6235,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2013DFA31410);气候变化重大基础研究项目(973-2013CB956503);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903005);山东省泰山学者专项基金共同资助

摘　　要：根据1958—2010年冬季黄海渔业资源底拖网调查获得的细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)生物学数据,对4个不同年代间黄海细纹狮子鱼的空间分布、相对资源密度、生长特征和繁殖特性等特征的年际变化进行了分析。结果表明:细纹狮子鱼在黄海北部主要分布在辽东半岛一侧50 m等深线附近,在黄海中南部1958—1959年集中分布在黄海中部,1985年其分布范围明显扩大,1993—1994年和1999年其分布区域发生北移,高产区集中在36°N以北,2005年重新扩散至整个黄海中南部,2010年主要分布在石岛东南部(35.5—36.5°N,123.5—124.5°E)和江苏南部外海(33.5—34.5°N,123—124°E)的两个区域。出现频率以1985年最高,达87.5%,相对资源密度以1993—1994年最大,为15.5 kg/h。近10年相对资源密度与海表温度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),出现频率和海表温度呈负相关关系(P=0.051)。1985年、1999—2001年、2005年和2010年平均体长分别为35.1、33.9、33.8 cm和32.3 cm,呈逐渐减小的趋势。除1985年外,雄性平均体长均显著大于雌性(P<0.05)。各年份性比均与1∶1无显著差异,但各体长组间差异较为明显。伴随着Ⅲ期所占的比例逐渐上升(6.7%—71.8%),细纹狮子鱼性成熟比例(Ⅳ期及以上)逐渐降低(51.1%—23.9%)。The snailfish, Liparis tanakae, is a cold-water, demersal fish that has become one of the top predators in the Yellow Sea ecosystem because of a decline in the abundance of the commercially targeted species in recent years. We evaluated the interannual variation in relative stock density, distribution, biological and reproductive characteristics of snailfish based on fishery data collected by bottom trawl during winter （1958-2010） in the Yellow Sea. In the northern Yellow Sea, the snailfish was primarily distributed around the Liaodong Peninsula near the 50 m isotherm. In other regions of the Yellow Sea, the species was primarily distributed in the central Yellow Sea in 1959, but had expanded its distribution by 1985. Relative to surveys in 1958-1959 and 1985, the distribution of snailfish moved northward by the 1990s from 34N to 36N. In 2005, the species was found in all areas of the Yellow sea and in 2010, it was primarily distributed southeast of Shidao （35.5-36.5N,123.5-124.5E） and off southern Jiangsu province. The relative stock density of snailfish was low in the late 1950s （1.1-4.1 kg/h）, then increased in the 1980s and 1990s, peaking at 15.5 kg/h in 1993-1994. The density then decreased to 3.8 kg/h in the late 1990s and has recovered only slightly in the last 10 years. We observed a similar trend in occurrence frequency. In the late 1950s, snailfish only accounted for 12.0%-26.5% of the occurrence frequency. However, it peaked at 87.5% in the 1980s. In other years, the occurrence frequency was relatively large （45.8%-77.3%）, though most notably in the ＂cold＂ years such as 1985, 2005 and 2010. We observed a significant negative correlation between relative stock density and sea surface temperature in the ten most recent years suggesting that this cold-water species responded rapidly to the changing temperature. Similarly, we observed a negative but insignificant correlation between the occurrence frequency and sea surface temperature. The average body length of snailfish was 35.1 cm in

关 键 词：细纹狮子鱼 生物学特征 空间分布 黄海 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]