短程心理咨询的会谈间体验对咨询效果的影响--来自纵向测量的证据  

Intersession Experiences and Treatment Outcome in Short-term Psychotherapy: Evidence from Longitudinal Data

作　　者：于丽霞[1,2] 郑晓边[1,2] 夏勉[1,2] Armin Hartmann David E.Orlinsky 

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室,华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [3]弗莱堡大学身心医学系,弗莱堡79085 [4]芝加哥大学比较人类发展学系,芝加哥60601

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第5期1216-1222,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI36B02)的资助

摘　　要：采用多层线性分析方法,在短程心理咨询的连续会谈中检验来访者的会谈间体验对咨询效果的影响。以36名个案、151次会谈为样本,结果发现,来访者的症状总体呈线性下降趋势;不同来访者症状变化的速率存在个体差异,会谈间体验的情绪因子能解释症状变化速率总变异的40.79%。结论:在短程心理咨询中,来访者想起咨询会谈或/和咨询师时的情绪体验能显著预测咨询效果。Psychotherapy process includes insession process and intersession process, occurring in and outside the counseling room respectively, and the latter has been neglected for a long time in psychotherapy research history. Intersession process refers to the thoughts, memories, and feelings about therapists or therapy sessions that clients experience during the intervals between sessions. In- tersession process is a joint product of actual in - session therapeutic interaction and the client＇s prior personality, in particular, the client＇s conscious and unconscious transference potentials. It connects the therapeutic process and client＇s actual life, and has repaired functions for clients in therapy. The present study aimed to identify the effects of intersession processes on treatment outcome over suc- cessive sessions in short -term therapy. 12 male and 24 female student visitors of a college counseling center, with a mean age of 22.47 （SD = 2.60） and without personal- ity disorder or other psychiatric symptoms, participated in the study. Intersession process was measured by the Chinese version of the Intersession Experience Questionnaire （ IEQ）, which consisted of eight factors of four dimensions （ intensity, context, content and emo- tion）. The treatmentoutcome was measured by the Outcome Questionnaire -45 （OQ -45） and higher scores meant more severe symp- toms. Participants were asked to complete IEQ and OQ before each session from sessions 2 to 9. Finally, 151 sessions/36 cases were collected, and the mean measures of each case was 4.19 （SD = 1.26）. A two - level hierarchical hnear modal was built to investigate the effects of time and time - depended predictor IEQ on OQ. Re- sults indicated that, generally, in the short - term psychotherapy the symptoms of clients significantly declined in linear tendency, while OQ decreased by 1.27 point after each session. The proportion of total variance between the cases of the regression equation was 79. 76% , which meant the necessity to use mul

关 键 词：会谈间过程 会谈间体验 咨询效果 多层线性分析 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]