156例急诊科老年急性左心衰竭患者流行病学分析  

The Epidemiological Analysis of Acute Left Heart Failure among 156 Old Patients in Emergency Department

作　　者：李立艳[1] 靳杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区第二医院急诊科,北京100026

出　　处：《医学综述》2013年第18期3417-3419,共3页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的 探索急诊科老年急性左心衰竭患者流行病学的特点.方法 将北京市朝阳区第二医院急诊科2010年1月至2012年12月收治的156例老年急性左心衰竭患者按照年龄分为两组：65 ～79岁为老年组（72例）,≥80岁为高龄组（84例）.对比两组患者的一般临床特征,基础疾病分布,同时分析其性别和年龄分布以及发病月份分布,来诊时血压特点及转归等情况.结果 高龄组女性急救车送诊率显著增高（P＜0.05）,老年组男性患者由家属送诊率显著增高（P＜0.01）;高龄组女性收入院率显著高于老年组（P＜0.05）,而老年组男性患者收入院治疗的比率高于高龄组（P＜0.01）;急性左心衰竭发病高峰年龄为71 ～90岁,发病月份分布特点为冬春季高发,基础疾病分布为冠心病,高血压常见.高龄组低血压发生率、病死率均高于老年组（P＜0.05）.结论 急诊科的老年急性左心衰竭患者有其特有的流行病学特点,对其进行充分了解后,就可以对此类患者尽早进行正确判断,及时治疗,提高患者生存率,减少误诊.Objectlve To investigate the epidemiology of acute left heart failure among old patients in emergeney department. Methods Frnm January 2010 to December 2012,156 cases of elderly patients admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Second Hospital were ineluded. The patients were divided into two groups according to the age,the elderly group （65-79 years） and the aged group （ ≥80 years）. The clinieal symptoms, basic disease distribution, gender, age, onset time （ which month ）, blood pressure characteristics and outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. Results Ambulanee delivery rate of women in the aged gruup was significantly increase（ P 〈 0.05 ）, while delivery by families of men in the elderly group was significantly increased（ P 〈 0.01 ） ; women admittance to the hospital rate of the aged group was signifi-cantly higher than the elderly group（ P 〈 0.05 ）, male patients admittance to the hospital rate for further treatment of the ehlerly group was higher than the aged group （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; aeute left ventrieular failure peak age of onset was 71 to 90 years, monthly distribution was characterized by a high incidence in winter and spring, the common basic diseases were coronary heart disease, high blood pressure. The： incidence of hypotension and mortality of the aged group were higher than the elderly group（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The epidcmiology of acute left heart failure among old patients in emergency department was special. Understanding its cpidemiological characteristics would be helpful to early diagnose and exactly treat the patients, so as to increase the survival rate and reduce misdiagnosis.

关 键 词：老年 女性 急性左心衰竭 临床特点 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]