棉花萎蔫综合症的研究现状及展望  

The Situation and Prospect About Cotton Wilt Syndrome

作　　者：许爱玲[1] 吴霞[1] 席吉龙[1] 李建勋[1] 张安红[1] 张相斌[1] 张林水[1] 李燕娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第27期170-175,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育专项"安全转基因技术"(2011ZX08010-003);山西省农科院攻关项目"棉花生理性萎蔫病的发生机理及综合治理研究"(YGG1010)

摘　　要：总结了棉花新病害"棉花萎蔫综合症"的研究进展。田间观察、调查、检测结果表明:"棉花萎蔫综合症"病株于棉花花铃期至吐絮期都可以发病。棉株一旦出现萎蔫症状,基本上不会再恢复正常。病株主要特征特性为:全株无病斑,叶片略微萎蔫并褪色,病株铃虚软,发育迟滞吐絮慢,病铃僵瓣糟絮瘪子。病株发病初期叶绿素含量有所降低;病株在株高和果枝出生方面受到一定影响;发生早的病株幼蕾大量脱落;病株率越高产量越低,纤维品质也差;病棉子丧失发芽能力。转基因材料有部分发病,而其亲本几乎不发病;非转基因老品种没看到发病。种植发病株种子不会加重和提早其后代的发病。山西省和外省品种(系)都有发病,部分发病品种(系)还通过了区试新品种审定。发病情况和气象资料拟合分析表明,7—8月降雨次数较少和降雨量较少的气候年型发病较重;发病情况和田间小气候观测资料拟合分析表明,田间地膜下土面≥40℃的高温天数多时发生较重。还比较了该病和棉花其他病害的异同。其病株样本分离不到真菌性病原物。最后提出了棉花萎蔫综合症研究存在的问题,指出了今后研究方向和期望。The situation and suggestions for cotton wilting syndrome： In flowering and boll opening stage can attack, once appear wilting symptoms, basically won＇t return to normal. Main characteristics can be summarized as： no lesion, leaf wilting and slightly faded, b011 virtual soft late wadding, rigid disc worse floc aborted seed. There is no separation to the fungus disease pathogen. The early onset of chlorophyll content decreased. Plant height and branch affected. Early onset disease young bud a falling out. The higher the rate of diseased cut, cut and reduce the incidence of both the fiber quality of cotton, disease also to lose the ability to germinate. The cultivation of genetically modified materials are part of pathogenesis, and its parent hardly pathogenesis. The traditional non transgenic varieties don＇t see pathogenesis. Plant pathogenic isolates of seed dose not aggravate their offspring and early onset. 7-8 month rainfall frequency and less rainfall climate on the incidence of beneficial soil surface mulching plastic film, ≥ 40℃ high temperature days much more conducive to occur. Shanxi province and other provinces were part of the pathogenesis, incidence of varieties through validation of new varieties. A comparison of this disease and other diseases of cotton wilt symptoms of similarities and differences.

关 键 词：棉花 萎蔫综合症 特征特性 为害影响 产量损失 品质 发生消长 小气候 

分 类 号：S4[农业科学—植物保护]