水氮互作对膜下滴灌甜菜产质量的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on the Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet with Mulch Drip Irrigation

作　　者：林凤[1] 王维成[2] 樊华[1] 马富裕[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学/兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,石河子832003 [2]新疆石河子甜菜研究所,石河子832000

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期418-424,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2010DFA32520);国家自然科学基金项目(31260299);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(212201)

摘　　要：在膜下滴灌条件下，采用二次饱和D-最优设计，设置4个水分和4个氮素处理水平，研究了水氮互作对膜下滴灌甜菜块根产量、含糖率、产糖量及净产值的影响，以探究适宜甜菜种植区的膜下滴灌甜菜栽培的水氮管理模式。结果表明，水分效应显著大于氮素效应；甜菜产量、块根含糖率、产糖量及净产值与灌水量和施氮量均呈二次曲线关系；取步长为0．6，固定氮素水平，水分对块根产量、块根含糖率、产糖量及净产值的影响在各水平间表现出显著性差异。固定水分水平，氮素对块根产量、块根含糖率、产糖量及净产值的影响在氮素水平间虽有差异，但未达到显著水平；覆膜滴灌较露地沟灌水分利用效率提高30．67％，有效促进水分利用效率的水氮耦合效应；以根产量高于60000kg／hm2、含糖率15．3％～21．0％为目标所制定优化方案为：灌水3426-3600m3／hm2，施纯氮139～177kg／hm2。Field experiment was conducted during 2012.03-2012.10 at experimental station of Shihezi University（45°19＇N, 86003＇ E） to study the effect of different levels of drip irrigation and nitrogen fer＇tilizers on sugar bee＇t yield,sugar content, sugar yield and net output value. Based on the field test of quadratic saturation D-optimal design,four irrigation（W1 ,W2,W3 and W4 with 3000,5610,7200 and 9000 ma/hm2 ） and four N fertilizer（N1 ,N2,N3 and N4 with 0, la0,210 and 300 kg/hm2 ） were arranged in six split plots with 3 replicates. The treatment W4 achieved the highest root yield,sugar yield and net income, followed by W3 ,W2 and Wl. On the contrary, sugar content significantly decreased with the increase of irrigation levels. Increasing N fertil- izer use increased root yield, sugar yield and net income, but not significantly. On the other hand, N fertilizer eased the side effect of increasing irrigation on sugar content. W4N3 recorded the highest values while significantly（0.01）decreased the water use efficiency. Compared with CK,mulch drip irrigation significantly increased the water use efficiency of sugar beet. Aims at getting high yield（≥6000kg hme） and high quality（sugar content： 15.3 %-21.0 %） root, irrigation level should reach 3426-3600m3/hm2 and 139-177kg/hm2 of N fertilizer.

关 键 词：膜下滴灌 二次饱和D-最优设计 水氮互作 产量 产糖量 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]