森林的最优采伐决策模型——一个新的林业经济政策分析框架  

Optimal Harvest Decision Model for the Forest: A New Analysis Framework to Chinese Forestry Economic Policy

作　　者：姜昕[1] 王秀娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业科学》2013年第9期178-185,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：西北农林科技大学博士科研启动基金项目(201104050419)

摘　　要：森林可以为人类提供各种各样的产品和服务：既可做燃料，也可以提供木材作为建筑和家具的原材料，或提供木纤维用于造纸；可以作为最重要的碳汇大量吸收CO：，并能起到防风固沙、保持水土、涵养水源、调节气候的重要作用；为野生动物提供栖息地和避难所，保护生态的多样性；同时还具有较高的观赏价值。总之，森林可以说是同时具备着经济、生态和社会3个方面的效能，而这3个方面的效能问并不是相互独立的，而是存在着互为消长的关系。This paper firstly extends the single period optimal harvest decision model for the forest to infinite periods, so as to indicate that how to decide the optimal rotation length which can maximize the forest＇s revenue in all directions when repeat planting and harvesting trees on the same plot of earth till infinite future. The study also analyses the influence of discounting rate, timber price, harvesting cost, planting cost, and tax to the decision of optimal rotation length. As well as when we introduce the factors of continuously rising timber price and the ecological revenue of the forest, how the optimal rotation length will change. Secondly, the authors introduce the intergenerational equity principle into above model, giving a research on a resource exploiting manner which satisfies both the dynamic efficiency principle and the intergenerational equity principle. Last but not least, the research applies the above model to the analysis of Chinese forestry economic policy, and explains the economic theory of institutions such as government purchasing ecological forest, tree compensation and forestry subsidization, which provides necessary theoretical foundation for future application of these new institutions. From the authors＇ point of view, the government may consider to encouraging private capital investing in the ecological forest construction by purchasing their forest in a reasonable price, or, compensating or subsidizing the operators certain amount of money, so as to improve their engagement in operating the ecological forest and thus increase the supply of forest ecological product, creating necessary condition for the balanced development of economy, ecological environment and society.

关 键 词：最优采伐周期 代际公平 生态林收购 林木补偿 林业补助 

分 类 号：F307.2[经济管理—产业经济]