河南银杏古树资源调查  

Resource investigation of ancient ginkgo trees in Henan Province

作　　者：付兆军[1] 刘晓静[1] 邢世岩[1] 刘莉娟[1] 辛红[1] 吴岐奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2013年第5期51-56,共6页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(编号:2012BAD21B04);国家自然科学基金(编号:31070589)

摘　　要：以河南银杏古树为对象,通过资料收集和实地调查,结果表明:河南有银杏古树4 743株,分布在14个市、56个县(市、区)和127个乡(镇)。其中440株具生长指标:在已知性别的银杏古树中,雌株占87.43%。树高最大为45.0 m,最小为7.5 m;树龄最长为2 800 a;胸径最大为3.78 m,最小仅为0.25 m;平均冠幅最大为39.0 m,最小为4.3 m。垂乳银杏有9株,单株垂乳个数最多为20个,垂乳最长达1.0 m;复干银杏有39株,单株复干数最多为7株,复干胸径最大为1.30 m;叶籽银杏有3株。集中分布的古银杏株数超过10株则视为一个群落,河南典型的古银杏群落有8个。群落内平均树龄最大850 a,最小300 a;平均胸径最大1.27 m,最小0.51 m;平均树高最大18.1m,最小10.8 m。对河南银杏古树资源的特点及新县银杏古树群落的起源进行探讨。This study take ancient Ginkgo biloba L.trees in Henan Province as the object,through data collection and field survey,the result shows that there are 4 743 ancient ginkgo trees distributed in 14 cities,56 counties （county-level cities,district） and 127 townships （towns）.There are 440 ancient ginkgo trees which have growth indexes.Female trees account for 87.43% of all the known sex trees.The maximum tree height is 45.0 m,while the minimum is 7.5 m.The oldest tree age is 2 800 years and the maximum DBH is 3.78 m while the minimum is only 0.25 m.The maximum of average crown is 39.0 m while the minimum is 4.3 m.There are 9 chichied ginkgo trees of which the maximum number of chichies is 20 per individual and the maximum chichi is as long as 1.0 m.There are 39 mult-trunked ginkgoes of which the maximum number of mult-trunks is 7 per individual and the DBH of the biggest mult-trunk is 1.30 m.There are also 3 trees of Ginkgo biloba var.epiphylla.If we regard concentrated distribution more than 10 ancient ginkgo trees as a group,there are 8 typical ancient ginkgo trees groups in Henan province.The maximum mean age of groups is 850 a while the minimum is 300 a.The maximum mean DBH is 1.27 m and the minimum is 0.51 m.The maximum mean height is 18.1 m and the minimum is 10.8 m.We have talked about the characteristics of ancient ginkgo trees resource of Henan Province and origin of ancient ginkgo trees groups of Xin County.

关 键 词：河南省 银杏古树资源 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S792.95[农业科学—林木遗传育种]