湘村黑猪各阶段营养需求参数研究  

Study on Nutrient Requirement of Xiangcun Black Pig at Different Growth Stages

作　　者：杨永生[1] 谢红兵[1] 刘丽莉[1] 江碧波[1] 禹琪芳[1] 贺建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2013年第9期1400-1410,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：湖南省生猪产业体系岗位专家专项经费;湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划;湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2011B271)

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过研究日粮蛋白质、赖氨酸及磷相对于湘村黑猪各生长阶段的生长性能指标的定量关系，以确定湘村黑猪适宜的蛋白质、赖氨酸及磷的需要量。试验3个阶段分别选用起始体重为（10．08±0．49）、（30．07±0．73）和（59．96±0．83）kg的湘村黑猪阉公猪各48头，随机分为8个处理组，每个处理6个重复，每个重复1头猪，根据U8＊（8^5）均匀设计表设计3因子8水平的试验。对均匀设计试验结果偏最小二乘回归方程寻优表明，除了30～60和60～90kg阶段的磷需求量稍高于中国瘦肉猪饲养标准，湘村黑猪的3个因子的需要量和生长性能较中国瘦肉猪饲养标准低，具有地方猪种的特性；湘村黑猪10～30k阶段3个因子最优组合为蛋白质17．18％、赖氨酸0．90％、磷0．56％，日增重0．48kg·d-1 饲料转换率2．58；30～60kg阶段3个因子最优组合为蛋白质15．84％、赖氨酸0．79％、磷0．52％，日增重0．68kg·d-1饲料转换率2．97；60～90kg阶段3个因素最优组合为蛋白质13．74％、赖氨酸0．68％、磷0．47％，日增重0．77kg·d-1,饲料转换率3．60。3个因子中，日粮蛋白质水平对湘村黑猪平均日增重的影响较大，日粮赖氨酸水平对饲料转化率的影响较大。均匀设计能用于猪营养需要的研究，湘村黑猪的营养需求具有自身的特点，不宜照搬其它猪的营养需要标准，对其其余营养素需要研究还有待进一步加强。This experiment was conducted to study the quantitative relation model between the nu- trient requirement and growth performance of Xiangcun Black pig at different growth phases. Ac- cording to the uniform design U8 ＊ （8^5）, the experiment took crude protein（CP） ,lysine（Lys） and total phosphorus（TP） as three factors and set eight levels. The experiment was divided into 10- 30,30-60,60-90 kg three growth phases based on physiological characteristics of Xiangcun Black pig. In each stage, forty eight Xiangcun Black barrows with approximate initial weight （10.08± 0. 49）,（30. 07±0. 73） and （59.96±0.83） kg were selected, which were randomly divided into eight treatment groups with six replicates per treatment group and one Xiangcun Black pig per replicate. The results showed that, except the TP requirement of Xiangcun Black pig in 30-60 and 60-90 kg stage, requirement of three nutrient factors was lower than recommended requirement of China Feeding Standard of Swine. The best growth performance of Xiangcun Black pig was ob- tained when the optimum combination of the three factors was CP 17. 18%, Lys 0. 90%, TP 0.56% at 10-30 kg stage with 0. 48 kg . d 1 for daily gain and 2. 58 for feed conversion rate, CP 15.84% Lys 0.79% ,TP 0.52% at 30-60 kg stage with 0.68 kg. d-1 for daily gain and 2.97 for feedconversion rate, CP 13.74% ,Lys 0.68% ,TP 0. 47% at 60-90 kg stage with 0.77 kg .d-1 for daily gain and 3.60 for feed conversion rate. The experiment also showed that CP was the most important factor to average daily gain（ADG） and Lys was the most important factor to feed conversion ratio（FCR）. In con- clusion, nutrient requirement of Xiangcun Black pig is different from other feeding standard of swine, and further research is needed for nutrients in addition to CP, Lys amd TP.

关 键 词：湘村黑猪 均匀设计 营养需要 生长性能 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S813.3[农业科学—畜牧兽医]