重离子束辐射技术在花卉育种中的应用  

Application of Heavy Ion Beam Irradiation in Ornamental Flowers Breeding

作　　者：孔滢[1,2] 白锦荣[1] 尚宏忠[1] 王乃彦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市辐射中心,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学核科学与技术学院,北京100875

出　　处：《园艺学报》2013年第9期1837-1845,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201204609);‘十二五’国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD01B07);北京市科学技术研究院青年骨干计划项目(2012-016)

摘　　要：重离子束辐射是一种新兴的辐射诱变技术。与传统的γ射线、X射线等相比,重离子束具有高传能线密度,能够产生更高的相对生物学效应,具有诱变率更高、诱变范围更大的特点。常用的离子源主要有C、N、Ne等,不同植物材料的不同部位和发育阶段对重离子束的敏感度效果不一。通过结合植物组织培养、辐射材料处理、多次辐射和基因工程等技术,目前已对菊花、香石竹、美女樱和夏堇等20多种植物开展了重离子束辐射育种研究,获得了新种质和新品种,部分新品种在市场推广后获得了良好的经济效益。因此,重离子束辐射技术在观赏植物育种上有着广泛的应用前景。Heavy ion beam irradiation is an emerging radiation mutagenesis technology. Compared with traditional radiation such as X-rays and gamma rays, heavy ion beam provides a high linear energy transfer （LET） and relative biological effectiveness （RBE） . This technique induces mutations at a higher rate and wider mutation spectrum. When irradiated, the sensitivity of different parts and developmental stages of different plant materials varies. Radiation ion source commonly used is C, N, Ne etc. Through a combination of tissue culture, materials processing, re-irradiation and genetic engineering, this approach has been applied in more than 20 ornamental plants, including chrysanthemum, carnation, verbena, torenia etc. Many novel mutations and varieties have been obtained, some of them have been commercialized with large economic benefits. Heavy ion beam technology is an excellent tool to improve mutation breeding of horticulture plants with high efficiency.

关 键 词：重离子束 辐射 观赏植物 育种 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]