世界最大井采铁矿床——基律纳铁矿床研究现状与新进展  

Research Progress on the World Largest Underground Mining Iron Deposit—Kiruna Deposit in Northern Sweden

作　　者：王丰翔[1,2] 聂凤军[2] 张伟波[2,3] 曹毅[2] 解小颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄经济学院研究生学院,石家庄050031 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2013年第5期146-152,共7页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目"全球巨型成矿带区域构造与成矿地质背景对比研究"(1212011120326)

摘　　要：基律纳铁矿床位于瑞典北部拉普兰地区,是迄今为止世界上产于中-基性火山岩中规模最大的磷灰石-磁铁矿建造矿床,也是欧洲目前唯一正在开采的特大型铁矿山。研究表明,基律纳铁矿床受构造-岩浆控制作用明显,多产在古元古代花岗质绿片岩体内。矿体与围岩呈整合接触,在两者的接触带上,普遍发育钠长石化和钾长石化;矿石以高度富集磁铁矿和磷灰石为特征。根据切割关系和锆石U-Pb同位素测年,其成矿年龄为1.9-1.88Ga。依据其地质背景、围岩蚀变分带性和成矿流体的组分特征,将该矿床初步认定为铁氧化物IOCG型铁矿床。Kiruna iron deposition, which is located in Lapland of northern Sweden, is the largest apatite-magnetite ore deposit construction in the world cropped out from intermediate-marie volcanic rocks, and is also the only one large iron mine which is being exploited in Europe. This article aims to summarize the tectonic environment, geological characteristics, mineralization and prospecting potential of the Kiruna i ron deposition. This information should provide theoretical and technical support for Chinese geologists when they explore Kiruna-type deposition in smiliar geological setting. Studies have shown that the Kiruna iron deposition is prominently controlled by tectonic-magmatism, and is mostly formed in Paleoproterozoic granitic green-schist rock bodys. In the contact zone between ore body and wall rock, which was a conformable contact, albitization and potassium feldspathization are widely developed. The ores is characterized by high concentration of magnetite and apatite. According to the cross-cutting relationship and zircon U-Pb isotopic dating, the metallogenic epoch is 1.9--1.88 Ga. Based on the the geological background, wall-rock alteration zonation and compositional characterization of the ore-forming fluid, the deposit is ini- tially identified as a IOCG-type iron ore deposit.

关 键 词：铁矿 基律纳 IOCG型矿床 地质特征 磷灰石-磁铁矿建造 

分 类 号：P618.31[天文地球—矿床学]