西部某镇大棚蔬菜种植者禁用农药知识和使用现状  

Current situation of awareness and use of banned pesticides among vegetable greenhouse farmers in a town of Ledu County, China

作　　者：郭映花[1,2] 邢永华[3] 纪文武[1] 周健[1] 孙健[1] 牛照地[1] 杨惠芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,银川750004 [2]青海大学医学院公共卫生系卫生事业管理与统计学教研室 [3]青海大学医学院环境医学教研室

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2013年第9期685-686,共2页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：教育部春晖计划项目（z2011057）

摘　　要：目的 了解青海省乐都县某镇大棚蔬菜种植者关于禁用农药的知晓情况和使用情况,为禁用农药的管理和控制提供依据.方法 2012年8月选择乐都县某镇常住5年以上的非流动人口为调查对象,采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取5个村的267名大棚蔬菜种植者进行问卷调查.结果 共收集有效问卷249份,有效回收率为93.26％（249/267）.禁用农药知识知晓率为34.9％（87/249）,不同文化程度被调查者的禁用农药知晓率的差异有统计学意义（x2=11.061,P=0.011）.非条件Logistic回归分析显示,只有文化程度进入回归方程.仅有2.0％（5/249）的被调查者知道禁用农药及其具体内容;249名被调查者近5年均不同程度地使用过禁用农药;仅有9.0％（17/189）的大棚蔬菜种植者知道我国最初禁用农药的时间.结论 乐都县某镇禁用农药的相关知识知晓率较低,禁用农药知晓率受文化程度影响.应开展禁用农药知识及其危害的宣传.Objective To investigate the awareness and use of banned pesticides among vegetable greenhouse farmers in a town of Ledu County,Qinghai Province,China and to provide a basis for the management and control of banned pesticides.Methods Local residents who lived in a town of Ledu County for more than 5 years were selected as subjects in August 2012.A questionnaire survey was conducted in 267 vegetable greenhouse farmers who were selected from five villages of the town by cluster random sampling.Results Of the 267 subjects,249 （93.26％） completed and returned the questionnaires.Eighty-seven （34.9％）of the 249 subjects were aware of banned pesticides,and the banned pesticide awareness rate varied significantly among the subjects with different education levels （x2=11.061,P=0.011）.Only education level entered the regression equation in non-conditional logistic regression analysis.Only five （2.0％） of the 249 subjects knew the banned pesticides as well as the details.All the 249 subjects used banned pesticides to varying degrees in the past 5 years.Only 9.0％ （17/189） of the vegetable greenhouse farmers knew the time pesticides were initially banned in China.Conclusion The banned pesticide awareness rate is relatively low in the town of Ledu County,and this rate is influenced by education level.It is needed to spread the knowledge and hazards of banned pesticides.

关 键 词：蔬菜大棚 农药 知识 态度 实践 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]