健康体检人群甲状腺结节患病率影响因素分析及健康教育干预  

Analysis of prevalence and health education intervention of thyroid nodule influence factors for physical examination population

作　　者：徐厚兰[1,2] 崔焱[1] 兰满[1] 危静[1] 刘民杰[1] 将瑜 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学护理学院,江苏南京210029 [2]杭州师范大学附属医院体检中心,浙江杭州310015

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2013年第18期1662-1664,共3页Journal of Nurses Training

摘　　要：目的调查健康体检人群甲状腺结节患病率,分析影响甲状腺结节患病率的影响因素,为针对性的进行健康教育提供可靠依据,以降低甲状腺结节的患病率。方法回顾性分析2012年5月～2013年5月于我体检中心进行健康体检的11 268例20岁以上体检客户的体质指数、血压、血糖、血脂、血尿酸及甲状腺B超检查的结果。按性别及年龄层次统计甲状腺结节的患病率,分析不同性别、不同年龄层次之间甲状腺结节的患病情况;依据甲状腺B超结果,将研究人群的资料分为甲状腺结节组和甲状腺结节阴性组,分析比较两组人群的体质指数、血压、血糖、血脂及血尿酸水平。结果体检人群甲状腺结节患病率较高,女性的患病率明显高于男性,男女比较差异有显著意义。随着年龄的增长,甲状腺结节的患病率呈明显增高趋势;不同群体甲状腺结节的患病率有所不同,文化程度越高,工作压力越大,甲状腺结节的患病率越高;甲状腺结节组与甲状腺结节阴性组的体质指数、血压、血糖、血脂水平比较差异有显著意义,甲状腺结节组明显高于甲状腺结节阴性组。结论年龄和性别是影响甲状腺结节患病率的不可控因素;缓解压力,改变生活方式,控制体质指数、血压、血糖、血脂水平,是降低甲状腺结节患病率的可控因素,是健康教育的切入点。Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and influence factors for health checkup patients in order to provide the reliable basis for the targeted for health education. Method A total of 11268 medical customers （age〉20 years old） who received physical checkup at medical center of Hangzhou normal university affiliated hospital between from May 2012 to May 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Body mass index, blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, blood uric acid and thyroid ultrasonography were measured and compared. Result The prevalence of thyroid nodules in physical examination population was higher~ the prevalence of women was significantly higher than that of men. Compared with women, the difference was statistically significant. As increase with age, the prevalence of thyroid nodules showed a trend of increase; The prevalence of thyroid nodules in different groups is not the same, cultural degree is higher, the greater pressure of work, the higher the prevalence of thyroid nodules; The thyroid nodules group＇s Body mass index, blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol level was significantly higher than that of non thyroid nodules group, The difference of the prevalence of thyroid nodules between thyroid nodules group and non thyroid nodules group was statistically significant. Conclusion Age and gender was the uncontrollable factors that affect the prevalence of thyroid nodules; It is controllable factors to reduce the prevalence of thyroid nodules was relieving stress, change lifestyle, control of body mass index, blood pressure, blood sugar, blood fat level. It is the breakthrough point of health education.

关 键 词：甲状腺结节 患病率 影响因素 健康教育 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学] R581[医药卫生—临床医学]