9，10，12，13-四羟基硬脂酸钠在低温硬质水及中性pH条件下的特异性能  

Unique Physicochemical Properties of Sodium 9,10,12,13-Tetrahydroxyl Stearate in Cold Hard Water and Under Neutral pH Condition

作　　者：赵晓[1] 胡学一[1] 方云[1] 叶信谷[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学化学与材料工程学院食品胶体与生物技术教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《精细化工》2013年第9期1003-1007,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21276113)~~

摘　　要：以天然亚油酸为原料,经氧化水解制备得到9,10,12,13-四羟基硬脂酸(THSA),采用FTIR、ESI-MS和1HNMR表征了THSA的结构。测定了THSA的钠皂9,10,12,13-四羟基硬脂酸钠(STHS)的克拉夫特点、钙离子稳定性、钙皂分散剂消耗量、表面张力、临界胶束浓度和泡沫性能,并与对照物亚油酸、油酸及硬脂酸的钠皂进行比较。结果表明,STHS具有其他脂肪酸钠皂不具备的优秀钙皂分散性能和钙离子稳定性,并在低温和中性条件下显示出更好的水溶性。STHS不仅克服了普通脂肪酸钠皂不耐硬水和中性条件下溶解性差两大共同缺陷,也克服了饱和脂肪酸钠皂低温溶解性差以及不饱和脂肪酸钠皂易氧化酸败的缺点,因此,STHS具有在中性皂、低温皂和抗硬水皂配方中用作新皂基表面活性剂的潜质。9,10,12,13-Tetrahydroxyl stearic acid （THSA） was synthesized from natural linoleic acid by oxidation and hydrolysis, and the molecular structure was identified by FTIR, ESI-MS and 1HNMR. Sodium tetrahydroxyl stearate （STHS） thus was prepared from THSA by saponification, and Krafft point, calcium ion stability, lime soap dispersant requirement, surface tension, critical micelle concentration and foam properties of STHS were investigated and compared with those of sodium soaps of linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid. The experimental results show that STHS displayed unique lime soap dispersing power and calcium ion stability in hard water, and better solubility in cold water and under neutral pH condition, which was superior to all the other tested sodium soaps. The polyhydroxyl characteristics give STHS the power to easily dissolve not only in hard water and under neutral pH condition which is superior to ordinary sodium soaps of all other fatty acids, but also in cold water which is superior to sodium soaps of saturated fatty acids, and meanwhile it overcomes the oxidizability of sodium soaps of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, STHS has the potential to act as the new soap-base surfactant in the formulas of neutral soaps, cold water soaps and hard water soaps.

关 键 词：亚油酸 四羟基硬脂酸 钠皂 低温皂 抗硬水皂 中性皂 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.11[化学工程]