重庆璧山5种典型农林混作模式土壤理化性质及水分入渗特性  

Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Soil Infiltration Characteristics of Five Agroforestry Intercropping Types in Bishan,Chongqing

作　　者：李天阳[1] 何丙辉[1] 田家乐[1] 闫建梅[1] 张怡[2] 李振林[1] 秦川[1] 贺小容[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,教育部三峡库区生态环境重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第4期103-108,200,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业局公益性行业科研专项(201104043);重庆市重大科技专项(CSTC2009AB1115);西南大学生态学重点学科“211工程”3期建设项目

摘　　要：利用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究璧山县血橙-红薯、血橙-花生、血橙-玉米、血橙-茄子、血橙纯林5种模式下土壤理化性质及入渗过程。结果表明:不同模式下土壤容重、孔隙度差异均显著,血橙-红薯模式土壤容重最小,孔隙度最大,血橙纯林土壤容重最大,孔隙度最小;不同模式土壤化学指标差异显著,血橙纯林下土壤各化学指标含量均最低,而血橙-茄子模式土壤有机质及速效钾含量最高,血橙-玉米的全氮及碱解氮含量最高,血橙-红薯模式的全磷、全钾含量最高,血橙-花生模式的有效磷含量最高。不同模式土壤入渗过程不同,入渗曲线斜率不同,血橙-红薯模式达到稳渗时间最长,在50～55min,血橙-红薯模式土壤初始入渗率、稳定入渗率、平均入渗率最大,分别为血橙纯林的4.82,3.88,4.28倍,而血橙纯林的累积入渗量仅为血橙-红薯模式的25.76%;不同模式土壤入渗能力与土壤容重呈负相关,与孔隙度呈正相关,与有机质相关性不显著。采用入渗模型模拟各模式入渗过程,Horton模型拟合效果较好,决定系数最高,模型参数具有物理意义,是分析和预测璧山血橙林与农作物混作下土壤入渗过程的适宜模型。Field investigation and laboratory analysis methods were used to study soil physical and chemical properties and soil infiltration process on blood orange-sweet potato,blood orange-peanut,blood orange-maize,blood orange-eggplant and blood orange.The results showed that soil bulk density and soil porosity had significant differences among the five agroforestry intercropping types.Soil bulk density of blood orange-sweet potato was the smallest and soil porosity was the greatest,while soil bulk density of blood orange was the greatest and soil porosity was the smallest.Soil chemical indexes had significant differences among the different types,and the chemical indexes of the pure blood orange were the lowest,the soil organic matter and available potassium of blood orange-eggplant were highest,the total nitrogen and alkalystic nitrogen of blood orange-maize were the greatest,the total phosphorus and total potassium of blood orange-sweet potato were the highest,the available phosphorus of blood orange-peanut were the greatest.Soil infiltration processes and slopes of infiltration curves were different among the agroforestry intercropping types.It needed 50～55minutes that the infiltration rate of blood orange-sweet potato to be steady,which it was the maximum time among the agroforestry intercropping types.Soil initial infiltration rate,steady infiltration rate and average infiltration rate were 4.82,3.88,4.28times respectively than blood orange,and the cumulative infiltration of blood orange was only the 25.76percent of blood orange-sweet potato,which all indexes of blood orange-sweet potato were the largest among the types.Soil infiltration capacities had a negative correlation with soil bulk density,while it had a positive correlation with soil porosity,but there was no significant relationship with soil organic matter.Horton,Kostiakov and Philip model were used to simulate the infiltration rate changes with time,and the results indicated that the soil infiltration process was better fitted by Horton and Kostiakov

关 键 词：农林混作 土壤理化性质 土壤入渗 璧山 入渗模型 

分 类 号：S156.92[农业科学—土壤学] S152.72[农业科学—农业基础科学]